资源型地区农村多维贫困问题研究——以山西省15个贫困县调查为例

Research of Rural Multidimensional Poverty Problem in Resource——Based on Investigation of 15 Counties in Shanxi Province

2020年我国将实现全部脱贫、全面建成小康社会的目标,而现实中资源型地区贫困易被忽视。在我国资源型地区,由于资源过度开采,很多地区沦为采空塌陷区,赖以生存的土地被破坏,部分农村居民房屋损坏,农民承受由资源过度开采造成的外部性贫困。利用2015年山西省15个资源丰富且为国家扶贫开发重点县的调查数据,借鉴Alkire等多维贫困测量方法,测算山西省资源型地区多维贫困程度。结果表明,矿产资源丰富的县域农民贫困不仅表现在收入、住房、饮用水、教育等方面,很大程度上还存在因煤炭开采带来的负外部性贫困。根据结论,为山西省资源型地区的精准扶贫提出建议。

In 2020, China plans to achieve all the poverty alleviation and build a moderatelyprosperous society, but in reality the resource-based areas of poverty are often overlooked. In China＇sresource type areas, because of the exploitation of resources, many areas are reduced to the mined out areas,meanwhile, the survival lands and some rural housings have been damaged. Farmers in these areas suffer toomuch from the externality of resource exploitation. Based on the survey data of 15 poverty-stricken countieswith rich resources in Shanxi Province in 2015, the multidimensional poverty measurement of resource-based areas in Shanxi Province was made by referring to the multidimensional poverty measurement methoddeveloped by Alkire and Foster. The measurement results showed that the poverty of farmers in the richmineral resources was not only reflected in the income, cooking fuel, housing, drinking water and education,but also reflected in the negative externality poverty by the coal mining. At the same time, based on therelevant analyses and conclusions of this paper, some reference suggestions were put forward for theaccurate poverty alleviation in resource-based areas of Shanxi Province.