Changes in balance ability,power output,and stretch-shortening cycle utilisation after two high-intensity intermittent training protocols in endurance runners

耐力跑运动员在两种高强度间歇训练后平衡能力、输出功率及拉长——缩短周期的改变（英文）

Purpose：This study aimed to describe the acute effects of 2 different high-intensity intermittent trainings（HIITs） on postural control,countermovement jump（CMJ）,squat jump（SJ）,and stretch-shortening cycle（SSC） utilisation,and to compare the changes induced by both protocols in those variables in endurance runners.Methods：Eighteen recreationally trained endurance runners participated in this study and were tested on 2 occasions：10 runs of 400 m with 90 s recovery between running bouts（10×400 m）,and 40 runs of 100 m with 30 s recovery between runs（40 × 100 m）.Heart rate was monitored during both HIITs;blood lactate accumulation and rate of perceived exertion were recorded after both protocols.Vertical jump ability（CMJ and SJ） and SSC together with postural control were also controlled during both HIITs.Results：Repeated measures analysis revealed a significan improvement in CMJ and SJ during 10 × 400 m（p〈0.05）,whilst no significan changes were observed during 40×100 m.Indexes related to SSC did not experience significan changes during any of the protocols.As for postural control,no significan changes were observed in the 40×100 m protocol,whilst significan impairments were observed during the 10×400 m protocol（p〈0.05）.Conclusion：A protocol with a higher number of shorter runs（40×100 m） induced different changes in those neuromuscular parameters than those with fewer and longer runs（10×400 m）.Whereas the 40×100 m protocol did not cause any significan changes in vertical jump ability,postural control or SSC utilisation,the 10×400 m protocol impaired postural control and caused improvements in vertical jumping tests.

目的:本研究旨在描述两种不同的高强度间歇训练对姿势控制、反向运动跳、蹲跳和拉长—缩短周期运动的短期影响,比较耐力跑者由这两种训练引起的相关变量的改变。方法:18名参加耐力跑业余训练的运动员参与研究,在两种情况下进行测试:10次400 m跑,每两次间隙休息90 s;40次100 m跑,每两次间隙休息30 s。训练中监测心率,运动后记录血乳酸浓度和自觉运动强度分级。两种训练中均控制纵跳能力和拉长—缩短周期的运用。结果:重复测量分析显示反向跳跃和蹲跳在10×400 m训练中显著提高,在40×100 m训练中无显著变化。拉长—缩短周期相关指数在两种训练中都无显著改变。姿势控制在40×100m训练中无显著变化,但在10×400 m训练中观察到明显障碍。结论:与少次长距离训练(10×400 m)相比,多次短距离训练(40×100 m)能导致神经肌肉参数发生不同改变。虽然40×100 m训练不能显著改善纵跳能力、姿势控制或拉长—缩短周期的运用,但10×400 m训练会损害姿势控制,并改善纵跳测试结果。