摘要
围绕单位实施法律未明文规定的自然人犯罪时单位与单位成员的刑事责任问题,《全国人大常委会关于〈中华人民共和国刑法〉第三十条的解释》(以下简称《解释》)规定应追究单位成员的自然人刑事责任,但却间接抵牾单位犯罪成立范围"法定"原则,并与单罚制相混淆。理论上的否定说不可取,肯定说已被确认,立法完善说是发展方向。单位犯罪的刑事归责遵循事实与规范并合理念,是客观(行为)责任归属与主观责任归属的有机统一,是化解《解释》难题的法理重构之举。单位犯罪成立范围应无立法禁区,并应同步将单位犯罪概念与成立条件予以立法化,统一双罚制、统一单位和自然人实施相同犯罪的处罚标准,用法人犯罪置换单位犯罪的话语体系。
According to "Interpretation of Article 30", the members of a unit should bear responsibility when the natural person of a unit commits a crime not expressly defined by law, but this interpretation contradicts the "statutory" principle of unit crimes, and the single penalty system. The ab solute negation of members' responsibility is obviously improper, the idea that members do bear re sponsibility is generally agreed, but the future lies in improving the related laws. The criminal respon sibility in a crime committed by a unit should follow the principle of objective (behavior) accountabili- ty and subjective accountability with organic combination and consideration of fact and norm, and a unit and its members together bearing responsibility for a crime committed by a unit but not expressly defined by law. There should be no blank in legislation concerning unit-committed crimes, which should be clearly defined in law. In addition, the current dual punishment system should be negated that the same penalty criterion should be applied to a unit and an natural person for the same crime, and the discourse of "unit-committed crime" should be substituted with "corporation crime".
出处
《江苏大学学报(社会科学版)》
CSSCI
2017年第1期70-78,84,共10页
Journal of Jiangsu University(Social Science Edition)
基金
司法部中青年课题(16SFB3020)
最高人民检察院理论研究所课题(GJ2016D41)
广东省地方立法研究高校联盟青年立法资助项目
关键词
单位犯罪
成立范围
法定原则
单位归责原理
立法消解
crime committed by a unit
range
"statutory" principle
accountability paradigm for responsibility of a unit-committed crime
legislative elimination