Numerical analysis of multicomponent responses of surface-hole transient electromagnetic method

地-井瞬变电磁多分量响应数值分析（英文）

We calculate the multicomponent responses of surface-hole transient electromagnetic method. The methods and models are unsuitable as geoelectric models of conductive surrounding rocks because they are based on regular local targets. We also propose a calculation and analysis scheme based on numerical simulations of the subsurface transient electromagnetic fields. In the modeling of the electromagnetic fields, the forward modeling simulations are performed by using the finite-difference time-domain method and the discrete image method, which combines the Gaver–Stehfest inverse Laplace transform with the Prony method to solve the initial electromagnetic fields. The precision in the iterative computations is ensured by using the transmission boundary conditions. For the response analysis, we customize geoelectric models consisting of near-borehole targets and conductive wall rocks and implement forward modeling simulations. The observed electric fields are converted into induced electromotive force responses using multicomponent observation devices. By comparing the transient electric fields and multicomponent responses under different conditions, we suggest that the multicomponent-induced electromotive force responses are related to the horizontal and vertical gradient variations of the transient electric field at different times. The characteristics of the response are determined by the varying the subsurface transient electromagnetic fields, i.e., diffusion, attenuation and distortion, under different conditions as well as the electromagnetic fields at the observation positions. The calculation and analysis scheme of the response consider the surrounding rocks and the anomalous field of the local targets. It therefore can account for the geological data better than conventional transient field response analysis of local targets.

本文对地-井瞬变电磁法多分量响应进行计算分析。规则局部体瞬变场响应的计算方法与解释模型对于实际导电围岩模型的适用性较差,针对该问题,本文提出了一种基于地下瞬态电磁场数值模拟的计算分析方法。瞬变电磁场模拟方面,本文以时域有限差分法实现正演模拟,引入采用Gaver-Stehfest逆拉氏变换与Prony法的离散镜像法求解初始电磁场,应用透射边界条件保证迭代计算精度。通过均质半空间模型算例,证明该套方法可行。响应分析方面,设定含井旁目标体和导电围岩的地电模型,以上述方法对地下瞬态电场进行正演,以多分量观测装置为例换算感应电动势。通过对比各条件下瞬态电场与多分量响应,得出结论:地-井瞬变电磁多分量感应电动势响应反映了地下瞬态电场沿水平、垂直方向的梯度变化;响应特征取决于地层中瞬变场在不同条件下的"扩散、衰减、畸变"过程和观测位置的电磁场状态。本文的计算分析方法兼顾围岩背景场与局部体异常场,较之传统局部体瞬变场原理能够更全面的反映地质信息。