黑色素瘤缺乏因子2在肿瘤发生发展中的研究进展

Research advances of absent in melanoma 2 in the development of cancer

黑色素瘤缺乏因子2(AIM2)是一种位于细胞质的蛋白质,能够识别并结合细胞质双链DNA(dsDNA)进而激活含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶-1(Caspase-1),促进IL-1β和IL-18成熟释放,或诱导细胞焦亡。AIM2属于固有免疫系统,是保护机体不受外来微生物侵害的第一道防线,识别病原微生物之后,激活宿主信号引起反应,从而启动固有免疫和获得性免疫应答。研究还表明,AIM2在肿瘤的发生发展中扮演重要角色,AIM2在前列腺癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、鼻咽癌、口腔鳞状细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌等恶性肿瘤中的表达亦存在异常,并且在不同肿瘤的进展过程中发挥不同作用。文章就AIM2在固有免疫及肿瘤发生发展等方面的研究进展进行综述。

Absent in melanoma 2（ AIM2） is a cytoplasmic protein,which can identify and combine with the cytoplasmic ds DNA to activate caspase-1,and promote the maturation and release of IL-1β and IL-18,or induce pyroptosis. AIM2 belongs to the innate immune system and is the first line of defense to protect the body against the invasion of alien microbes. After identifying the pathogenic microorganisms,the activation of the host signal caused the reaction,which started microorganisms. The activation of the host signal caused the reaction,which started the innate immune and acquired immune response. Research also suggests that AIM2 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumor,which was abnormally expressed in many malignant tumors such as prostatic cancer,colorectal cancer,breast cancer,nasopharyngeal carcinoma,oral squamous cell carcinoma,non small cell lung cancer,and AIM2 plays different roles in the progression of different tumor. This article will summarize the research progress of AIM2 in innate immunity and tumor development.