公路零担货运行业网络结构的国际比较分析

International Comparative Analysis on Network Structure of Road LTL Industry

公路零担货运业是典型的网络型产业,网络化的运输组织是提升运输效率的关键,而各种内、外部因素与零担货运业网络结构的形成密切相关.本文重点运用产品—资源—网络(PRN)的运输经济学分析框架,对中国、美国、欧洲公路零担货运行业的网络结构进行了比较,从产业结构、政府管制、商业习惯等角度对三者之间的差异性进行了剖析.通过研究发现,公路零担货运业的网络结构,在受到网络经济内在规律支配的同时,又受到一个国家经济和产业结构、政府管制政策、商业习惯等多种因素的影响,从而使得各国间零担货运业的网络和产品形态、资源结构等产生变异.研究成果对促进公路零担货运业网络化发展具有理论和现实意义.

Road Less than Truck Load（LTL） industry is a typical network industry,networked transport organization is the key to enhance the transport efficiency,and a variety of internal and external factors are closely related to the network structure of road LTL industry.This paper uses the Product-ResourcesNetwork（PRN） transport economics analytic framework,comparative analyzes the road LTL industry network structure of China,the United States,the European,and discusses the differences of industrial structure,government regulation,business practices between the three countries,obtained the relevant conclusions.Through the research,we find that the network structure of the road LTL industry,be governed by the law of network economy,while be affected by many factors such as economic and industrial structure,government regulatory policies,business practices,so as to make variation of network and product pattern,resources structure.This research has theoretical and practical significance for the networked development of road LTL industry.