Effects of Controlled-Release Nitrogen on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Summer Maize

控释氮肥对夏玉米产量及氮肥利用效率的影响（英文）

The field experiments were conducted in Anhui during 2016 to investigate the effects of controlled-release nitrogen （CRN） rates and mixture of controlled-re- lease nitrogen and conventional nitrogen （CN） on the yield and nitrogen efficiency of summer maize. Six treatments included CK （with no application of N）, CNIO0% splits （CN）, CRFIO0% （CRN1）, CRN60%＋CN40% （CRN2）, CRN85% （CRN3） and CRN70% （CRN4）. The results showed proper CRN increased yields and output val- ue. Compared with CN, CRN2 significantly increased by 13.74%, CRN1 increased by 4.84%, and CRN3 was equal to CN. CRN increased yield by grain number per spike of yield components. CRN2 had the highest apparent nitrogen fertilizer recov- ery efficiency and CRN1 was the second, which were significantly higher than CN. Nitrogen agronomic efficiency of CRN2 was significantly higher than CN. Nitrogen physiological efficiency of CRN2 was higher than CN. The partial productivity of CRN1 was higher than that with CN. And the effect of nitrogen fertilizer of CRN2 was the highest, which was increased 758 yuan/hm2. Considering yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic benefit, applying the mixture of CRN and CN was the most beneficial treatment. CRN1 was the second treatment, and CRN3 didn＇t reduce yield.

通过2016年在安徽颍上县布置田间小区试验,设不施氮肥(CK)、农民习惯施氮(CN)、100%N量控释氮肥(CRN_1)、60%N量控释氮肥+40%N量普通氮肥(CRN_2)、85%N量控释氮肥(CRN_3)和70%N量控释氮肥(CRN4)6个处理,研究了控释氮肥用量及与普通氮肥配施对夏玉米产量及氮肥效率的影响。结果表明,适量施用控释氮肥均能提高玉米产量和产值,CRN_2较CN显著增产13.74%,CRN_1增产4.84%,CRN_3与CN产量相当。控释氮肥通过提高玉米穗粒数来提高产量。氮肥表观利用率以CRN_2最高,CRN_1次之,均显著高于CN。农学效率CRN_2显著高于CN,CRN_1高于CN,生理效率CRN_2高于CN。偏生产力控释氮肥处理均高于CN。氮肥效益以CRN_2最高,比CN增收758元/hm^2。综合产量、氮肥利用率和氮肥效益指标考虑,夏玉米种植上以控释氮肥配施普通氮肥效益最佳,其次为100%N量控释氮肥一次性施用,减氮15%施用控释氮肥不减产。