亲子依恋与农村留守青少年焦虑的关系:教师支持的保护作用

The Relationships between Parent-child Attachment and Adolescent Anxiety:The Protective Role of Teacher's Support

本研究以306名父外留守、147名双留守和288名非留守青少年为被试,以亲子依恋问卷、领悟社会支持量表和儿童焦虑量表为研究工具,考察了亲子依恋与留守青少年焦虑的关系以及教师支持的保护作用。结果发现:(1)双留守青少年的母子依恋、父子依恋安全性显著低于,焦虑水平显著高于父外留守和非留守青少年,后两组青少年之间差异不显著;(2)安全性母子依恋能降低父外留守青少年的焦虑水平,安全性父子依恋能降低非留守和双留守青少年的焦虑水平;(3)安全性母子依恋能补偿不安全父子依恋对父外留守青少年焦虑的影响;(4)教师支持既能降低非留守和双留守青少年的焦虑水平,也能增强安全性父子依恋对父外留守青少年焦虑的保护作用。

The present study examined the associations between parent-child attachment and adolescent anxiety and the protective role of teacher＇s support, with 306 father-migrant adolescents, 167 parent-migrant adolescents and 288 non-left-behind adolescents. Results are as follows ： （ 1 ） Parent-migrant adolescents reported lower levels of attachment security with mother and father and higher levels of anxiety compared to father-migrant and non-left-be- hind adolescents, and the latter two groups did not differ from each other. （2） The increase of attachment security with mother decreased the anxiety of father-migrant adolescents, and the increase of attachment security with father decreased the anxiety of non-left-behind and parent-migrant adolescents. （3） High attaehment seeurity with mother could effectively offset the risks for the anxiety of father-migrant adolescents due to low attachment security with father. （4） Teacher＇ s support not only decreased the anxiety of non-left-behind and parent-migrant adolescents but also strengthened the protective role of attachment security with father on the anxiety of father-migrant adolescents.