吸声轨道对高速列车辐射气动噪声影响研究

The research of acoustic track impact on high-speed train aerodynamic radiation noise

采用有限元、边界元及大涡模拟相结合的方法,对不同吸声轨道上运行的高速列车辐射气动噪声进行数值仿真,分别分析不同吸声轨道对高速列车整车气动噪声源及车下噪声源的辐射噪声的降噪效果及降噪特点。研究结果表明:有砟轨道和吸音板轨道均可有效降低列车高速运行时的辐射气动噪声,其中有砟轨道的降噪效果为0.8~2.8 dB,吸音板轨道的降噪效果为1.1~3.5 dB;当列车以350 km/h速度运行时,吸音板轨道吸收能量占车下区域辐射气动噪声能量的71.2%,整车辐射气动噪声量的21.5%。

In this paper, the aerodynamic radiation noise of high speed train running on different acoustic trackswere achieved by numerical simulating using the combination of finite element method, boundary elementmethod and large eddy simulation. According to the noise reduction effect and character analysis of whole train orbottom area noise source while running on different acoustic tracks, the following conclusions were obtained.Ballasted track and track acoustic panels can reduce aerodynamic radiation noise of high-speed train effectively.The effect of noise reduction is 0.8 dB to 2.8 dB by using the ballasted track, while it is 1.1 dB to 3.5 dB by usingtrack acoustic panels. The track acoustic panels can absorb aerodynamic radiation noise energy accounted for71.2% of bottom area and 21.5% of whole train while running at 350 km/h speed.