输尿管软镜手术的教学方法探讨

Discussion on the Teaching Methods of Flexible Ureteroscope Surgery

输尿管软镜技术是近年泌尿外科领发展迅速的微创技术,在上尿路疾病的诊治尤其是泌尿系结石的治疗中起到重要作用,逐渐成为泌尿外科不可缺少的技术。因输尿管软镜价格昂贵且易损坏,其学习曲线较长,快速掌握该技术应用于临床是泌尿外科医生的迫切要求。输尿管软镜教学中,理论学习及模拟操作等方面都很重要。本文探讨教学中从了解输尿管软镜的历史、特点、及理论教学入手,配合肾脏模型器、虚拟仿真模拟器、实验动物模拟器等输尿管软镜模拟器练习,最后以手术观摩及手把手教学强化训练,循序渐进,可缩短学习周期、规范临床操作,并提高输尿管软镜教学效果。

Soft ureteroscope technique is a minimally invasive technique which has been developed rapidly in department of urology in recent years, it plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract diseases, especially in the treatment of urinary calculi, gradually become an indispensable department of urology technology. Because the ureter soft mirror is expensive and easy to damage, learning curve is long, and it is urgent for the urological surgeon to master the technique rapidly and apply it in clinic. In the teaching of ureter soft mirror, the theory study and the simulation operation are important. This paper discusses the history, characteristics and theoretical teaching of ureter soft mirror in teaching, practice with a kidney soft mirror simulator, such as kidney model apparatus, virtual simulation simulator, experimental animal simulator, etc. Finally, intensive training with surgical observation and hand instruction can gradually shorten the learning cycle, standardize clinical operation, and improve the effect of ureter soft mirror teaching.