竞技健美操世界格局及发展趋势研究——基于健美操世锦赛成绩比较分析

Research on World Pattern and Trend of Aerobic Gymnastics——Based on Analysis of World Championships Results

执行2013—2016周期新规则后,竞技健美操世界格局发生重大变化。基于2006—2016年期间健美操世锦赛成绩,运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、数理统计法等研究方法对近3个周期世界健美操实力格局的演变、中国健美操队在世界格局中的定位及地位变化进行剖析,探析世界健美操实力格局演变过程及格局变化的原因,并通过性别差异对项目发展的影响、3个不同分值对最终成绩影响的显著性等的研究,分析中国健美操队在实力演变中沉与浮的缘由,追溯历史、探析趋势。研究得出:世界竞技健美操实力格局的演变是朝着少数国家垄断局面被打破,参与的国家以及有实力进入决赛、得到奖牌队伍逐渐增多,部分健美操综合实力不强的国家以单人项目为突破口并获得金牌的方向发展;有女性运动员参与的三人操和集体操项目成套动作难度分值较之全男子运动员占据一定优势,但这不是竞技健美操发展方向;不同种类分值与最后成绩相关性的显著性在不同时期有所差异。基于研究结果,提出其对中国竞技健美操发展的启示。

After carrying out the Code of Point of new cycle, there is a significant change on aerobic gymnastics world pattern. Based on the resuhs of 2006-2014 aerobic gymnastics world championships, with the methods of literature review, expert in- terviews and mathematical statistics, this paper analyzed the evolution of the world aerobics strength pattern in the last three cycles, and the location and status evolution of team china in world aerobics pattern, analysis on the process of world aerobics pattern evolution and the causes, and the influence of gender differences on project development, research on the effects of three different scores for the final score, analysis on the reason of ups and downs of China Aerobics Team in the strength evo- lution process. The study concluded that ： The evolution of world aerobics pattern is towards a state that monopoly was bro- ken, the participating countries and that have the power to enter the finals or get a medal gradually increased, some countries which do not have strong comprehensive strength took single event as a breakthrough and won the gold medal; there is an ad- vantage when female athletes participate in Trio and Group in difficult values, but this is not a direction; the correlation hetween the 3 different types of score and the final results are different in different periods. Based on the research results, the authors put forward enlightenment for development of China aerobics team.