理解“行政执法导向的法律”——一种对我国《民族区域自治法》立法思路的思考

Understanding “Administrative Enforcement-Oriented Law”——A Thought on How to Legislate Law of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy

法律可以分为可直接作为司法裁判依据的"司法适用导向的法律"与依赖立法裁量和行政裁量将立法意图具体化的"行政执法导向的法律"。前者的立法文本注重明确、具体,后者包含大量"愿景性规范"。作为典型的"行政执法导向的法律",我国《民族区域自治法》的条文不可避免地存在大量原则性、抽象性的内容,使用的术语也存在大量的不确定法律概念和模糊性术语。"愿景性规范"揭示了民族区域自治是"中央(国家)对民族自治地方的优惠照顾"的本质属性,也决定了我国《民族区域自治法》修改的思路。

Laws can be divided into ＂Judicial-Oriented law＂ which can directly serve as the basis for judicial decisions and ＂Administrative Enforcement-Oriented Law＂ which materializes legislative intents through legislative and administrative discretion. For the former, the legislative text pursues clarity and con- creteness; but for the latter, the legislative text has a large number of ＂vision-styled norms＂. As a typical ＂Administrative Enforcement-Oriented Law＂, provisions of Law of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy inev- itably contain a great deal of principle-stating and abstract content. And many uncertain legal concepts and ambiguous terms are used in the text. The ＂vision-styled norms＂ reveal the nature of the regional autonomy of ethnic minorities that the central government takes favorable care of the regional autonomous regions and also decide how to revise Law of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy.