聚季铵盐类黏土稳定剂抑制砒砂岩膨胀的研究

Study on the Swelling Inhibition of Pisha Sandstone by Poly Quaternary Ammonium Salt Clay Stabilizer

砒砂岩区水土流失严重,解决砒砂岩遇水膨胀溃散是目前有效防止砒砂岩区水土流失问题的主要方法。试验采用湿法提纯,从砒砂岩中分离出蒙脱石,通过XRF、XRD、吸蓝量和膨胀指数测试,对砒砂岩及蒙脱石的矿物组成和基本物理参数进行分析。测试了不同浓度聚季铵盐阳离子黏土稳定剂(LYPO)溶液和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵/丙烯酰胺共聚物(LYPW)溶液处理后砒砂岩的膨胀体积,并用红外光谱测试、Zeta电位测试、热重测试进行了表征。试验结果表明,阳离子黏土稳定剂(LYPO)溶液和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵/丙烯酰胺共聚物(LYPW)溶液对抑制砒砂岩膨胀的最佳浓度为0.8%,处理后砒砂岩膨胀率分别为48.37%和49.55%。通过Zeta电位分析可知,两种试剂溶液对砒砂岩的抑制作用体现在两个方面:试剂溶液与蒙脱石晶层之间的离子交换、试剂溶液中的聚合物分子链与蒙脱石颗粒之间的吸附作用在蒙脱石颗粒表面形成一层聚合物保护膜。试验过程中处理过的砒砂岩遇水溃散的性质得到显著改善。

Soil and water erosion in pisha sandstone area is serious and the main method to solve the problem is to prevent the water - expansion collapse. This paper introduces the specific test of the method. The test adopts wet purification to separate montmorillonite from the sandstone and through XRF, XRD, methylene blue absorption and swelling index test, analyzes the mineral composition and basic physical parameters of the sandstone and montmorillonite. The test measures the swelling volume of the treated sandstone with concentration- different LYPO solution and LYPW solution, and gives the representation by FTIR measurements, Zeta potential measurements and thermogravimetric measurements. The results indicate that the optimal concentration of LYPO solution and LYPW solution are both 0.8% for the expansion inhibition, and the expansion rates of the two - type treated sandstone are 48.37% and 49.55% respectively. Zeta potential analysis shows that the inhibitory effect of the two - kind reagent solutions is embodied in two aspects： ion exchange occurs between the reagent solution and montmorillonite crystal layer, and a polymer protective film is formed on the montmorillonite granule surface by the adsorption between the polymer chains and the montmorillonite granules in the reagent solution. The anti - collapsibility of the treated sandstone has been greatly improved.