野大豆茎叶水浸液对4种牧草的化感效应探究

Research of Allelopathic Effect on 4 Forage Grass in the Glycine soja Water Extract

为探究野大豆(Glycine soja)与其它草本植物混生区会逐渐演变为以野大豆为单一优势种草地的机理,该研究采用培养皿滤纸发芽法,以野大豆为供体植物,黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、狼尾草(Pennisetum)、野大豆和紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)为受体植物,研究野大豆茎叶水浸液对这4种牧草种子萌发、幼苗生长和叶绿素含量的影响。野大豆水浸液对4种牧草的种子发芽率、幼苗株高和根长、干物质总量、叶绿素a含量和叶绿素a、b总量均具有抑制作用,对黑麦草、野大豆和紫花苜蓿的叶绿素b含量也均有显著性抑制作用(P<0.05),但对狼尾草叶绿素b含量则有显著性促进作用(P<0.05)。化感作用对不同受体植物或同一受体植物不同部位的影响程度存在差异,幼苗根长的抑制作用明显强于株高;不同受体植物对野大豆茎叶水浸提液化感作用的敏感程度存在差异。

In order to explore the mechanism of mixed region of wild soybean（Glycine soja） and other herbs gradually evolving into a single dominant species with wild soybean, the effects of water extract of wild soybean on seed germination,seedling growth and chlorophyll content were investigated with Petri dish filter paper method compared with distilled water method, with ryegrass, Pennisetum, wild soybean and alfalfa as receptor plants, and wild soybean as donor plant. The research showed that the water extract of wild soybean had inhibitory effect on seed germination rate, seedling height and root length, total dry matter, the content of chlorophyll a and the total content of chlorophyll a and b of herbages. It also had obviously inhibitory effect on the content of chlorophyll B in ryegrass, wild soybean and alfalfa（P〈0.05）. However, it had obviously promoted effect on the content of chlorophyll b of Pennisetum（P〈0.05）. The effects of allelopathy on different receptor plants or different parts in the same receptor plant were different. The inhibitory effect on root length was obviously stronger than on plant height. The sensitivity of different recipient plants to the allelopathic effect of wild soybean stem-leaf extract was different.