基于地学信息图谱的珠海淇澳岛土地利用格局分析

Analysis of Land Use Pattern Based on Geo-information TUPU in Zhuhai Qi'ao Island

利用珠海淇澳岛1996、2003、2009、2013年4期高分遥感影像数据,通过遥感解译得到1996—2013年土地利用的基本情况,运用GIS技术及地学信息图谱基本理论,合成3个时段土地利用格局变化图谱,了解该区土地利用格局的时空变化.研究结果表明珠海淇澳岛在1996—2013年的土地利用发生显著变化:(1)从总体变化趋势来看,林地、建设用地的面积都有所增加.林地的新增面积最大,新增面积为492.30 hm^2,主要来源于滩涂与海域,集中分布在岛屿西北角;其次是建设用地,新增面积为143.38 hm^2,主要来源于裸地与林地.海域、滩涂与裸地的面积呈减少趋势,海域主要转为滩涂,滩涂主要转为林地,裸地主要转为建设用地.坑塘水面的面积变化起伏.(2)从格局变化的空间分布上看,虽稳定型占据主体地位,但岛屿西北角存在极大不稳定性.(3)从格局变化的时间分布上看,土地变化模式具有明显的阶段性,土地利用变化主要集中在1996—2009年,2009—2013年的用地格局趋于稳定.

The land use data from 1996 to 2013 is obtained by translating from four-resolution remote sensing images of 1996,2003,2009,2013 in Zhuhai Qi＇ao Island. In order to study the spatio-temporal change of land use pattern in Zhuhai Qi＇ao Island,the Geo-information TUPU of land use change is synthesized by using Arc GIS 10.0 and basic theory of Geo-spectrum information. The results show that the land use is changed significantly from 1996 to 2013：（ 1） From the overall trend of change,the area of forest and construction land is somewhat increased. The largest new area is forest land with an area of 492.30 hm2. It is mainly derived from tidal flat and sea area and is mainly distributed in the northwest corner of the island. The construction land is the second largest with area of143.38 hm2,mainly from bare land and forest land. The area of sea area,tidal flat and bare land is decreased. Sea area is changed to tidal flat,tidal flat is changed to forest land and bare land is changed to construction land. The area of pit pond water surface is changed ups and downs.（ 2） From the perspective of the spatial distribution of the pattern change,although the dominant position of the stable type,there is a great instability in the northwest corner of the island.（ 3） From the perspective of the time distribution of the pattern change,the land change pattern has obvious stages,mainly in 1996-2009,and the land use pattern tends to be stable in 2009-2013.