大豆耐盐基因研究进展

Recent Developments of Salt Tolerance Gene in Soybean

大豆是世界上重要的粮食作物和经济作物,土地盐碱化造成大豆产量大幅度降低。了解大豆耐盐的遗传和分子机制有助于挖掘盐碱地大豆产量潜力。迄今为止从耐盐大豆种质中已分离筛选出一批耐盐相关基因,其它植物中分离的耐盐基因有些也已被用于大豆耐盐研究,研究这些基因一方面可以揭示大豆耐盐机理,另一方面可以提高大豆耐盐性。为此,从近几年有关大豆耐盐基因的遗传、挖掘与筛选、分子标记、基因定位与克隆、转化及表达等方面的相关研究结果对大豆盐胁迫耐受相关基因进行了综述,以期为大豆耐盐相关基因的快速准确定位及耐盐高产新种质的发掘利用提供理论依据。

Soybean is an important food and cash crop in the world, but the yield of soybean is substantially reduced by salinity-affected soil. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance will no doubt facilitate the process of overcoming this problem. So far, a batch of salt-tolerant genes has been separated from soybean germpasm resistant to salt, and some salt-tolerant genes from other plants also have been used for salt tolerance of soybean, the express of these genes im- proved the ability of salt-tolerance in soybean. The significance of studying these genes is that, on one hand it could improve soybean resistance to salt; on the other hand it could contribute to reveal the mechanisms of soybean salt tolerance. Thus, this paper reviewed these salt-tolerant genes of soybean from the aspects of heredity, gene excavation and screening, molecular markers, QTL mapping, gene cloning, transformation and expression in recent years, aiming to provide theoretical basis for gene mapping accuracy and the wide utilization of new soybean germpasm resistant to salt.