立案登记背景下立案庭的定位及其未来走向

The Position and Future Trend of the Case Filing Tribunal under the Background of Case Filing Registration

立案登记制的全面实施,给立案庭带来巨大挑战,立案庭的去留再次成为重要话题。为解决"立审合一"引发的"立案难"和"立案乱"而建构的具有中国特色的立案庭,在缓解"立案难"以及推进法院内部管理的优化和提升法院形象等方面都作出了应有的历史贡献。立案庭并非仅肩负审查过滤功能,还具有案件分流、纠纷化解以及诉讼服务等多重功能。大陆法系也有将起诉要件审查前置于接收诉状阶段而非审判阶段的立法例。我国将起诉受理的审查前置于立案庭的做法也有其存在的正当性。我国历经几十年改革而最终形塑的立案庭应继续保留。为因应立案登记制带来的挑战,立案庭应进一步弱化其审查过滤和纠纷化解功能,同时强化其案件分流和诉讼服务功能;立案庭不再对起诉要件进行审查,将之切割给审判庭,其仅保留对诉状本身的审查。

The comprehensively execution of the registration system brings huge challenges to the case filing tribunal, which leads to an intense debate about the fate of the ease filing tribunal. It is the case filing tribunal with Chinese characteristics established to solve the difficulty and confusion of combining case filing and judgment together that contributes to easing the pressure of filing, pushing the reformation of inner management and enhancing the image of the court throughout the history. The ease filing tribunal not only possesses functions of reviewing and filtering, but also has multiple functions such as case diversion, dispute resolution and litigation service. There are also instances of legislation in the civil law system which put the examination of prosecution requirements before the review of the complaints rather than the trial stage. The practice that the ease filing tribunal examines the prosecution requirements in China also has its legitimacy. The ease filing tribunal, which has been finally shaped through several decades of reform in our country, should continue to be retained. In order to cope with the challenges brought by the ease filing registration system, the court should gradually weaken its function of review and dispute resolution, and strengthen the ease diversion and litigation service aspects. The case filling tribunal only preserves the review of the complaint itself instead of examining the conditions of the prosecution. The power is suggested to be handed over to the trial court.