基于遥感的长江经济带邻近海域滩涂生态承载力评估

Ecological carrying capacity assessment of tidal flat in the Yangtze River Economic Belt by remote sensing

建立资源环境承载能力监测预警机制已列为中央全面深化改革的一项重大任务。滩涂作为长江经济带邻近海域的优势资源,其生态承载力评价是海洋生态承载力整体评估中重要的一部分。采用多源多时相遥感数据,构建基于遥感的滩涂生态承载力评价指标体系,以滩涂面积保有率和典型生境植被覆盖度变化率来反映滩涂生态系统变化状况,进而综合分析滩涂生态承载力。结果分析显示:长江经济带邻近海域滩涂生态承载力分为超载、临界超载和可载3个类型区,占比分别为44%、28%和28%,人为因素是造成生态承载能力超载的主要原因。本研究揭示了长江经济带生态承载力评价现状,为进一步研究长江经济带邻近海域生态环境提供了先进的技术手段和科学的数据基础。

Construction of resource and environment carrying capacity monitoring and prediction mechanism has been listed as one of the major tasks of the comprehensively reform guided by the government. The tidal flat resource is a superior resource in the adjacent sea area along the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Evaluation of its ecological carrying capacity will be an important part of assessment of the overall marine ecological carrying capacity. Based on multisource and multi-temporal data,a remote sensing-based tidal flat ecological carrying capacity evaluating index system is built. Which reflects the change of tidal flat ecosystems by the preserving rate of tidal flat area and the rate of change of vegetation coverage in typical habitats,and then comprehensively analyzes the tidal flat ecological carrying capacity. The result shows that the ecological carrying capacity of the tidal flats in the adjacent sea area along the Yangtze River Economic Belt can be divided into three types： overloaded,critical overloaded and loadable,accounting for44%,28% and 28% respectively. Human activity is the main reason for overload. This paper reveals the current status of ecological carrying capacity evaluation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and provides advanced technical means and scientific data for further research.