基于新一代天气雷达的人工防雹指标研究

Research on the Index for Preventing Hail Based on New Generation Weather Radar

利用宁夏2014—2016年典型冰雹个例的新一代天气雷达资料,对比分析了冰雹发生前后雷达回波各特征参量的变化特征。结果发现,在冰雹云生命期内,雷达回波各特征参量(基本反射率、组合反射率、液态水含量、回波顶高等)随时间均有比较明显的变化,在冰雹发展及酝酿期内的变化尤为明显。通过总结雷达回波各特征参量的变化特征,并结合人工影响天气指挥作业经验,初步总结制定了基于银川、固原雷达回波各特征参量的人工防雹指标,以帮助人工影响天气指挥人员及时做出防雹预警,有效把握防雹作业时机,提高人工防雹效率。

In this paper,the characteristics of the feature parameters of radar echoes before and after hail were analyzed by using new generation weather radar data of typical hail in Ningxia from 2014 to 2016. The results show that the feature parameters of radar echoes have obvious changes with time in the hail cloud life. The changes are particularly obvious during hail development and gestation period. Based on the characteristic parameters of radar echo combined with the experience of weather modification,artificial anti-hail indexes based on the feature parameters of Yinchuan and Guyuan are summarized preliminarily and established which is useful for commanders timely to warn hail early, effectively grasp the hail suppression operation and improve the efficiency.