提高致密油藏原油采收率技术分析——以巴肯组致密油为例

ANALYSES OF THE EOR TECHNIQUES FOR TIGHT OIL RESERVOIRS:TAKING BAKKEN-FORMATION AS AN EXAMPLE

致密油(页岩油)是世界未来油气开发的重要目标,现已成为北美地区重要的石油资源。以水平井分段压裂技术为主的非常规致密油气储层改造配套技术的研发和应用,推动了致密油产量快速增长,但采收率仅为5%~10%。为了有效开发致密油,美国和加拿大巴肯组致密油生产区研究和尝试了注水、注气、二氧化碳驱、化学驱等多种EOR方法。汇总了近几十年来致密油EOR室内研究和现场实例,总结驱油机理、成功经验与失败教训,推荐EOR方法在巴肯组应用的筛选标准,为世界其他地区致密油的开发提供了参考和借鉴。

Tight oil( shale oil) is the major developed goal of the whole world in the future,which has become the important petroleum resources in Northern America. Mainly with the help of horizontal-well multi-staged fracturing technique,the development and application of the reservoir reconstructing and matching techniques of the unconventional tight oil and gas have promoted the rapid increment of the oil production,but the recovery was only enhanced by 5%-10%. Aiming at the effective development,many EOR methods including the water and gas injections,CO2 and chemical floodings were researched and tried for Bakken-Formation tight oil operating blocks in USA and Canada. EOR indoor researches and field cases of the tight oil for the recent tens of years are reviewed,the oil displacing mechanisms,related experiences and lessons are summarized,the screening criteria for the EOR methods in Bakken Formation are recommended,thus the references and experiences are presented for the development of the tight oils in the other regions in the world.