中外航道设计中波浪富裕水深确定方法对比

Comparison of determination methods of wave under-keel clearance in channel design

通过对比国内外航道设计规范中波浪富裕水深的确定方法,系统分析影响波浪富裕水深的主要因素,结合全球波浪要素的分布情况讨论各国方法的适用范围,并通过实例计算对波浪要素的影响进行对比分析。结果表明,各国规范大多以波高、船浪夹角、波周期为自变量来确定波浪富裕水深,波浪富裕水深与波高成正比,最不利船浪夹角通常是90°或45°左右,波浪富裕水深通常会随波浪周期的增大而增大,当船舶固有周期接近遭遇波浪周期时有极大值。

By comparison the determination methods of wave under-keel clearance for designing channel in different countries,we analyze the main factors of affecting the under-keel clearance,discuss the application range of the different methods with global wave factors distribution,and compare the influences of different wave factors by a specific example.The results show that the under-keel clearance is the function of wave height,wave direction and wave period in most methods.The under-keel clearance is proportional to the wave height,and the most unfavorable wave direction is90°or around45°.The under-keel clearance is increased with the wave period,and there is a maximum when the ship natural period is close to the encounter period.