自然降雨条件下不同种植模式土面蒸发规律研究

Study on Soil Evaporation of Different Planting Patterns under Natural Rainfall Conditions

在自然降雨条件下,对西瓜不同种植模式的土壤水分运动及土面蒸发规律进行研究。结果表明,不同种植方式的土壤水分在0~100 cm的土层内,土壤含水率随时间的变化幅度较大,在100 cm以下的土层所受影响较小,各处理动态储水量变化范围为0~100 cm。在降雨后的2 d内裸地的蒸发量与水面蒸发量接近一致,日蒸发量可达到9.3 mm,2 d后,土面蒸发量从9.3 mm减小至0.3 mm,在没有降雨补给的情况下,土面蒸发量无限接近于0,而压沙地的土面蒸发则始终维持在1.1 mm左右;总体上,水面日平均蒸发量为9.3 mm,裸地土面日平均蒸发量为1.8 mm,压沙地土面日平均蒸发量为1.1 mm。

Under natural rainfall conditions,the study on soil water movement and soil surface evaporation of different planting patterns of watermelon was carried out.The results showed that,soil moisture had large variation with time on different planting patterns of soil moisture in the0cm to100cm soil layer,and it was less affected below100cm soil,so the range of dynamic storage capacity was0cm to100cm.The soil evaporation and water surface evaporation was in close agreement within two days after the rain,and daily evaporation could reach9.3mm.Two days later,the evaporation of soil surface decreased to0.3mm.In the absence of rainfall recharge conditions,soil evaporation was infinitely close to0.But the soil evaporation of the gravel mulched field was maintained at about1.1mm.In the whole,the average daily evaporation of water was9.3mm,of bare soil surface was1.8mm,and of the gravel mulched field was1.1mm.