淮河流域初始水权分配实践研究

Study on practice of initial water rights allocation in Huaihe River Basin

建立水权管理制度是流域水资源管理的发展趋势,初始水权分配是实施水权管理的首要前提。通过建立子和谐度函数对基本用水保障、生态用水保障、尊重历史与现状、公平性、高效性、可持续发展、权利与义务相结合7项初始水权分配原则进行量化描述,耦合各子和谐度函数,构建多准则初始水权分配模型,通过快速和谐搜索算法求解系统和谐度最大的一组作为分配结果。多准则初始水权分配模型应用于淮河流域实践的结果表明,通过数学函数量化各分配原则,该模型物理意义明确,分配结果较为合理。通过引入入河污染物限排惩罚函数,该模型实现了水资源量维和质维的统一,并从时间维度上量化了可持续发展原则,聚集了多种分配模式的优点。

The establishment of water right management system is the development trend of the water resources management of river basin,while the initial water right allocation is the primary premise of the implementation of water right management.Through establishing the relevant subharmonic functions,seven initial water right allocation principles,i.e.basic water use guarantee,eco-water use guarantee,respecting history and status,fairness,efficiency,sustainable development,right and obligation,are quantitatively described,while a multi-criteria initial water right allocation model is built up by coupling all the subharmonic functions,and then the fast harmony search algorithm is adopted for solving one of the sets with the highest systematic harmony for the allocation result.The result of the practice of applying the multi-criteria initial water right allocation model to Huaihe River Basin shows that the physical meaning of the model is definite and the allocation result from it is reasonable by quantifying all the allocation principles through the mathematical functions.Through introducing the penalty function for the inflowing pollutant-discharge limitation,the model realizes the integrating both the quantity dimension and the quality dimension of water resources,quantifies the sustainable development principle from the time dimension and gathers the merits of several allocation modes as well.