中国鱼翅消费与鲨鱼捕捞关系初步研究

Consumption of Shark Fin in China and Global Shark Fishing

近年来,鲨鱼资源养护和管理成为国际社会关注点,中国的鱼翅消费被认为是破坏鲨鱼资源的罪魁祸首。为了解事实,采用问卷调查法于2017年对中国鲨鱼产品主要批发市场(北京、上海、广州)的商户进行调查。结果显示:经营种类以鱼翅为主;鱼翅销量和价格的最高峰阶段为2008—2012年,2013年开始,销量和价格均急剧下降,最低峰阶段为2015—2016年,且2017年较2016年相比,销量和价格继续下跌; 60%的商户反映经营状况不佳。海关数据表明,中国内地干鱼翅进口量由2004年的最高峰4 776 t降到2012年的108 t,且2013—2016年持续下降。而联合国粮农组织(FAO)发布的数据显示全球鲨鱼捕捞量在2013—2016年整体平稳,全球鲨鱼捕捞量并未随中国鱼翅消费的下降而下降。故把中国消费鱼翅作为破坏鲨鱼资源的罪魁祸首是失实的。

In recent years,the conservation and management of shark resources has become a focus of the international community.Consumption of shark fin in China is considered to be the main cause of declining shark numbers.We surveyed merchants in China s major wholesale markets for shark products at Beijing,Shanghai,and Guangzhou in 2017.The results showed that the shark fin was the main commodity;the peak period of shark fin sales volume and price was from 2008 to 2012.Since 2013,sales volume and price have dropped sharply.The lowest peak stage was in 2015-2016.Sales and prices continued to fall in 2017 from 2016 levels,and 60%of merchants reported poor operating conditions.According to customs data,the import of dry shark fins in China's Mainland dropped from 4 776 tons in 2004 to 108 tons in 2012,and continued to decline from 2013 to 2016.According to data released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),the amount of global shark fishing remained stable in 2013-2016.Consumption of shark fins in China has fallen,but global shark fishing has not.Therefore,it is inaccurate to regard China s consumption of shark fin as the cause of globally declining shark numbers.