SIRT1与神经细胞凋亡关系的研究进展

Research Progress in Relationship between SIRT1 and Neuronal Apoptosis

随着人类平均寿命的延长、人口老龄化的加剧,神经退行性疾病成为研究的焦点,其中神经细胞凋亡在神经退行性疾病中起重要作用。凋亡是由基因控制的细胞程序性死亡,通过线粒体途径,外在途径或死亡受体途径以及内质网途径在胚胎发育、免疫耐受、肿瘤发生、炎症转归及正常组织更新等病理、生理过程中发挥重要的调节作用。长寿蛋白SIRT1在神经系统中具有保护性作用,通过去乙酰化作用于靶蛋白如p53、叉头蛋白转录因子O、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α、蛋白激酶B等影响凋亡因子、神经炎症、氧化应激、线粒体发生,达到对神经细胞凋亡的调控。

With the prolongation of human life expectancy and the aging of the population,neurodegenerative diseases have become the focus in the research field.Neuronal apoptosis plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases.Apoptosis is a programmed cell death controlled by genes,occurring through the mitochondrial pathway,the extrinsic pathway or the death receptor pathway,and the endoplasmic reticulum pathway.It plays an important regulatory role in physiological and pathological processes,including embryonic development,immune tolerance,tumorigenesis,inflammatory outcome,and normal tissue turnover.The long-lived protein silence information regulator 1(SIRT1)has a protective role in the nervous system.A large number of studies have shown that SIRT1 affects apoptotic factors,neuritis,oxidative stress and mitochondrial development through its deacetylation effect on target proteins such as p53,forkhead box transcription factor O,peroxisome proliferator activated receptorγcoactivator-1α,protein kinase B,etc.,to achieve the regulation of neuronal apoptosis.