核酸适配体生物传感器在食品霉菌毒素检测中应用的研究进展

Research Progress of Nucleic Acid Aptamer Biosensors on Application of Mycotoxin Detection in Food

霉菌毒素是由霉菌产生的次级代谢物,是人类健康的主要威胁之一。食品中霉菌毒素的污染已经成为人们热切关注的主要食品安全问题之一,所以开发出用于简便、快速和灵敏检测食品中霉菌毒素的方法显得尤为重要。核酸适配体是在体外筛选,并能特异性识别目标物的单链寡核苷酸序列,因具有易合成、易标记、易修饰、灵敏度高、特异性高、分子量小等优势而广泛应用于蛋白质、霉菌毒素、农兽药等目标物检测的生物传感器。本文主要综述了食品中霉菌毒素的限量和危害,以及核酸适配体生物传感器筛选技术用于食品中霉菌毒素检测的研究进展。

Mycotoxin,a secondary metabolite produced by different molds,is one of the major threats to human health. The contamination of mycotoxin in food has become one of the main food safety problems,so it is very important to develop a simple,rapid and sensitive method for the detection of mycotoxins in foods. Nucleic acid aptamer,single chain oligonucleotide sequences,is widely used in the detection of proteins,mycotoxins and agricultural veterinary drugs to identify the targets in vitro,because of their advantages such as easy synthesis,easy labeling,easy modification,high sensitivity,high specificity and small molecular weight.The review summarized the limitations and hazards of mycotoxins in food and the research progress on nucleic acid aptamer screening assay for detection of mycotoxins in food.