重费米子材料与物理

Heavy fermion materials and physics

作为典型的强关联电子体系,重费米子材料表现出丰富的量子基态,如反铁磁序、铁磁序、非常规超导、非费米液体、自旋液体、轨道序和拓扑态等.相比其他强关联电子体系,重费米子体系的特征能量尺度低,可以通过压力、磁场或掺杂等参量对不同量子态进行连续调控,因而是研究量子相变、超导及其相互作用的理想体系.本文简要介绍重费米子研究的发展历史和国内外研究现状,概述几类典型的重费米子材料,并简单阐述重费米子超导、量子相变和强关联拓扑态等前沿科学问题.

As typical examples of strongly correlated electron systems,heavy fermion materials exhibit diverse quantum ground states such as antiferromagnetic order,ferromagnetic order,non-Fermi-liquid phases,unconventional superconductivity,quantum spin liquids,orbital order and topological order.In contrast to other strongly correlated electron systems,heavy fermion systems have relatively small characteristic energy scales,which allows different quantum states to be tuned continuously by using external parameters such as pressure,magnetic field and chemical doping.Heavy fermion materials thus serve as ideal systems for studying quantum phase transitions,superconductivity and their interplay.In this review,we briefly introduce the history of the field of heavy fermions and the current status both in China and in other countries.The properties of several representative heavy fermion systems are summarized,and some frontier scientific issues in this field are discussed,in particular,concerning heavy fermion superconductors,quantum phase transitions and exotic topological states in strongly correlated electron systems.