跨越学术与实践的鸿沟：中国本科教育高影响力教学实践的探索

Bridging the Gap between Research and Practice:Identifying High-Impact Educational Practices for Chinese Undergraduate Education

随着院校影响力与学生发展研究的积累与深入,如何从众多的研究凝练出实践中切实可行的信息,明晰大学教育改革的方向,成为该领域迫切需要回应的现实课题。本文基于全国高校学生调查数据,采用多水平多元逻辑斯特回归分析方法,尝试明晰和验证中国本科教育中的高影响力教学实践。研究发现,促进不同类型学生发展的高影响力教学实践包括六大核心要素:建构促进学生自主学习的教学管理制度、规制与参与相互交融的课堂教学方式、强化课堂场域外师生互动、提供学生多样化校园经历、优化高校经费配置结构、完善学生支持体系。高影响力教学实践的成功实施并非简单的提供,需要充分契合院校的组织禀赋和学生特征。

Though researches on student learning outcome are plentiful and debate over the college impact theory vigorous,less attention has been paid to the development of a model of educational practices that provides higher education institutions guidelines to increase college student success.Therefore,finding actionable information in the totality of the research on college effects on students has become a critical issue for researchers.Using a multi-institutional samples of undergraduate students,this paper aims to identify and verify the high-impact educational practices in Chinese undergraduate education,which is especially effective for student independent academic involvement and career design.Findings from multilevel multi-nominal logistic analysis suggest that high impact practices includes six factors:(1)constructing an academic affair management system that promotes students active learning,(2)encouraging the use of pedagogical approaches that combine discipline model and participation model,(3)strengthening informal student-faculty interaction,(4)providing diversity campus experiences,(5)optimizing resource allocation of colleges and universities,and(6)improving students academic and social support system.However,simply offering such practices does not guarantee that they will have the intended effects on student success.Instead,institutional practices must be of high quality,carefully designed to meet the needs of students and institutional characteristics.