幽门螺杆菌脂多糖结构及生物学功能研究进展

Structure and biological functions of Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide

幽门螺杆菌感染是人类最常见的慢性感染性疾病之一,是引起慢性胃炎和消化性溃疡最重要的原因,也是导致胃癌最重要的危险因素。幽门螺杆菌脂多糖独特的化学结构是其在人体胃黏膜持续感染和致病的关键因素。近年来的研究阐明了幽门螺杆菌脂多糖类脂A的组成性修饰通路,重新定义了核心多糖和O-抗原的分区,发现了欧洲菌株脂多糖结构中常见的庚糖聚糖在东亚菌株中缺失,尤其重要的进展是ADP-庚糖(脂多糖中庚糖基的供体)是最新发现的病原相关分子模式,并依赖幽门螺杆菌Ⅳ型分泌系统导入宿主细胞引起炎症反应。本文就近年来有关幽门螺杆菌脂多糖结构和生物学功能的研究进展进行综述。

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is one of the most common chronic infectious diseases in humans.It is the leading cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer,and also the most important risk factor for gastric cancer.H.pylori lipopolysaccharide has unique chemical structures that are critical to the persistent infection and pathogenesis of H.pylori in human gastric mucosa.Recent studies have elucidated the H.pylori lipid A constitutive modification pathway,redefined the core-oligosaccharide and O-antigen domains,discovered that the heptan commonly present in the lipopolysaccharide structure of European strains is absent in East Asian strains and more importantly,the identification of ADP-heptose(the donor of heptose residues in lipopolysaccharide structure)as the newly discovered pathogen-associated molecular pattern,which is dependent on the typeⅣsecretion system of H.pylori to induce inflammatory responses in host cells.This paper reviewed the resent research progress in the structure and biological functions of H.pylori lipopolysaccharide.