松滋市0～6岁儿童血清25-羟基维生素D水平调查

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels among children aged 0-6 in Songzi city:a survey

目的调查及评价松滋市0~6岁儿童体内维生素D水平,为该地区制定预防儿童维生素D缺乏的措施提供参考。方法选取2016-2017年于湖北省某医院出生以及接受体检的189名0~6岁儿童作为研究对象,检测其血清中25-羟基维生素D水平,同时采用半定量食物频率问卷对研究对象30d内的饮食情况进行调查。结果研究对象血清25-羟基维生素D水平为(16.13±7.69)ng/mL,其中25-羟基维生素D营养状况为严重缺乏的有25例(13.22%),缺乏的有60例(31.75%),不足的有45例(23.81%),正常的有59例(31.22%)。年龄<1岁的研究对象25-羟基维生素D营养状况为严重缺乏的人数比例为13.64%,1~<2岁的研究对象25-羟基维生素D营养状况为严重缺乏的人数比例为14.00%,2~6岁的研究对象25-羟基维生素D营养状况为严重缺乏的人数比例为10.34%。年龄<1岁的研究对象维生素D补充剂添加率为90.91%,高于1~<2岁研究对象的68.00%及2~6岁研究对象的41.38%(P<0.05)。此外,年龄<1岁、1~<2岁及2~6岁的研究对象其膳食维生素D摄入量与儿童维生素D推荐摄入量的比值≤40%的人数比例分别为6.36%,10.00%及13.79%。结论松滋市0~6岁儿童维生素D水平较低,维生素D缺乏普遍。建议对该地区维生素D缺乏的儿童进行膳食干预。此外,加大在学校开展维生素D等营养素相关知识的健康宣教力度,增加学生的户外活动,以降低该地区儿童的维生素D缺乏率。

Objective To investigate and evaluate the vitamin D levels among children aged 0-6 years in Songzi,and to provide a reference for the development of measures to prevent vitamin D deficiency in children in the area.Methods A total of 189 children aged 0-6 years who were born or underwent a physical examination in a hospital in Hubei province between 2016 and 2017 were selected as research subjects.The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured,and a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to study the dietary conditions within 30 days.Results The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of the study subjects was(16.13±7.69)ng/mL.Among them,25 cases(13.22%)were severely deficient in 25-hydroxyvitamin D,60 cases(31.75%)were deficient,45 cases(23.81%)were inadequate and 59 cases(31.22%)were normal.The proportion of subjects aged<1 who were severely deficient in 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 13.64%,while that of subjects aged 1-<2 and 2-6 years were 14.00% and 10.34%,respectively.The supplementation rate of vitamin D among subjects aged<1 was 90.91%,which was higher than 68.00% among subjects aged 1-<2 and 41.38%among subjects aged 2-6(P<0.05).In addition,the proportions of subjects aged<1,1-<2 and 2-6 whose vitamin D intake was≤40%of children′s recommended vitamin D intake were 6.36%,10.00%and 13.79%,respectively.Conclusion Vitamin D levels are low in children aged 0-6 in Songzi city,and vitamin D deficiency is common.Dietary interventions are recommended for children with vitamin D deficiency in the area.Besides,health education on vitamin D and other nutrients should be strengthened in schools,and outdoor activities should be increased to reduce the vitamin D deficiency rate among children in the area.