“车让人”政策实施前后行人过街特性对比研究

A Comparative Study of Pedestrian Crossing Characteristics before and after the Implementation of the "Vehicles give way to pedestrians" Policy

为了保障行人在斑马线处的优先通行权,减少行人与车辆碰撞事故的发生,全国各地开始实施"车让人"政策,交通环境也发生了质的改变,从以前行人等待车辆通过变成了现在的车辆为行人让行,行人过街决策随着环境的变化也更加复杂。文章针对该政策实施后的交通环境,总结了斑马线车让人的现状,通过雷达测速仪及行车记录仪采集行人过街过程中行人的动态数据,对行人过街时间及不同类型行人过街步速进行研究,考虑车辆让行对行人决策的影响,分析了行人在车辆让行过程中的速度变化。文章共采集到280组行人特性数据,分析结果表明:"车让人"政策实施后,行人过街时间与斑马线是否存在有很大影响,斑马线存在时,驾驶员会在斑马线之前提前减速,礼让行人,斑马线被掩盖后,驾驶员未能清楚地看到让行标记,使得行人必须等待多辆车通过后方可过街,过街时间比无斑马线时增加;在过街速度方面,老年人过街速度最小,中年人居中,青年人过街最快;当行人遇到车辆让行时,会自觉加快过街速度,减少车辆让行时间,真正做到"车让人,人快行"。

In order to protect the pedestrians’ preferential right of passage at the zebra crossing and reduce the collision of pedestrians and vehicles, the implementation of the "Vehicles give way to pedestrians" policy has been implemented throughout the country, and the traffic environment has undergone a qualitative change. The pedestrians have been waiting for the passage of vehicles to become the present. Vehicles are for pedestrians, and pedestrian crossing decisions are more complicated as the environment changes. This paper summarizes the current situation of the zebra-line car for the traffic environment after the implementation of the policy. It collects the dynamic data of pedestrians during the pedestrian crossing process through radar speedometer and driving recorder, and studies the pedestrian crossing time and different types of pedestrian crossing speed. Considering the impact of vehicle passing on pedestrian decision-making, it analyzes the speed change of pedestrians in the process of passing the vehicle. In this paper, a total of 280 sets of pedestrian characteristics data were collected. The analysis results show that after the implementation of the "car-to-people" policy, pedestrian crossing time and zebra crossing have great influence. When the zebra crossing exists, the driver will decelerate before the zebra crossing, and polite pedestrians. After the zebra crossing was covered, the driver could not clearly see the passing mark, so that the pedestrian had to wait for more cars to pass through the street to cross the street. The crossing time increased compared with the zebra crossing;in terms of crossing speed, the elderly had the lowest crossing speed. When people live in the middle of the year, young people cross the street the fastest;when pedestrians encounter vehicles, they will consciously speed up the crossing speed, reduce the time for vehicles to make travel, and truly "car people, people fast."