基于多源数据的网络约租车与出租车运营特征分析

Operational Characteristics Analysis of Ride-hailing Services and Traditional Taxis based on Multi-source Data

提出了以出租车计价器数据、出租车GPS数据与网络约租车订单数据为基础的运营强度、时空分布等运营特征指标分析模型,构建了基于分区均衡系数的出租车需求空间分布评价指标.结果表明:网络约租车的日均载客次数、载客里程以及载客时间明显低于出租车,运营强度仅为传统出租车的40%,两者次均载客里程、载客时间无明显差异;网络约租车订单主要集中在早晚高峰以及夜间时段,约占总订单量的50%以上,其服务热点载客区域与出租车服务对应的热点区域大部分吻合,对城市外围区域出租车供给紧张区域补充作用显著,高峰时段均衡系数最高可提升9%.本文可对出租车行业的科学管理和服务提升提供有效支撑.

This paper is based on multi-source data such as taximeter data,taxi GPS data and rail-hailing service data,and proposes the operational characteristic index analysis model including operation intensity and spatial-temporal distribution,and establishes the spatial distribution index of taxi demand based on a regional balance coefficient.The research shows that the average daily operation mileage,operation time and transaction frequency are significantly lower for ride-hailing services,and their operation intensity is only 40%of that of traditional taxi.There is no obvious difference between the ride-hailing services and traditional taxi in the average carrying mileage and carrying time of each time.The orders of ride-hailing services are mainly concentrated in the morning,evening peaks and nighttime hours,accounting for more than 50%of the total order volume.The pick-up hotspots of ride-hailing services cover the most hotspots of the traditional taxi.The ride-hailing services have a significant complementary effect on the periphery region where the taxi is in short supply,and the balance coefficient of spatial distribution in these regions also could be highest increased by 9%in peak hours.This paper provides an important support for the scientific management and service quality improvement of the taxi industry.