添加风化煤腐植酸对丙烯酸吸水树脂性能的影响

Effect of adding weathered coal humic acid on acrylic acid absorbent resin performance

以陕西黄陵风化煤提取的腐植酸(HA)为添加原料,采用水溶液聚合法和反相悬浮法制备腐植酸-丙烯酸型高吸水性树脂(HA-PAA),通过性能表征和应用条件的影响实验研究,对制备的树脂特点和应用性能进行比较,了解其适用性。结果表明添加腐植酸增加了树脂结构中的亲水基团,亲水性能提高;表面粗糙程度更深,孔洞或分层结构更明显,有利于提高吸水性能;添加腐植酸使HA-PAA吸水性能明显优于PAA,6×103mg·L-1NaCl情况下吸盐水倍率仍可达到70 g·g^-1,50℃以下吸水倍率均可达到1000 g·g^-1,pH=4~11范围内两种HA-PAA的吸水倍率均能可达900 g·g^-1,特别是IS-HA-PAA反复吸液3次吸水倍率基本不变,维持在1400 g·g^-1以上,5次仍保持在800 g·g^-1左右,HA-PAA具备良好的耐盐性﹑耐温性﹑耐酸碱性﹑保水性和反复吸液性能;AS-HA-PAA的耐盐性和保水性能比IS-HA-PAA更好,IS-HA-PAA的耐温性和反复吸液性能更好,而耐酸碱性能力相当,有利于根据实际需求选择使用,为HA-PAA在水土保持中的选择应用提供基础支持。

The HA-PAA superabsorbent resin was prepared through the common aqueous solution polymerization and inverse suspension polymerization methods when the humic acid from weathered coal was as the added materials.The properties and influencing factors of HA-PAA superabsorbent resin were compared by instrumental characterization and using condition experiments in order to understand their applicability.The results showed that because of HA,the hydrophilic groups of resin were increased and the hydrophilic performance was improved.The surface roughness became deeper.The hole or layered structure was more obvious.These could increase water absorption capability of HA-PAA.The salt tolerance,temperature tolerance,pH tolerance,water retention and repeated imbibition performance of HA-PAA were better than PAA.The salt water absorption capability of HA-PAA could arrive 70 g/g at 6×103 mg/L NaCl.The water absorption capability of HA-PAA could arrive 1000 g/g under 50℃and could arrive 900 g/g at pH=4~11.Especially,the repeated imbibition capability of inverse suspension-HA-PAA was almost same during three times.Its third capability was above 1400 g/g and the fifth capability was about 800 g/g.So HA-PAA had good performance.But the salt tolerance and water retention performance of HA-PAA from aqueous solution polymerization method were better than inverse suspension polymerization.The temperature tolerance and repeated imbibition performance of HA-PAA from inverse suspension polymerization method were better than aqueous solution polymerization.And the pH tolerance performance was almost equivalent.It was beneficial to choose and use according to actual needs.The results provided the essential support for selective application of HA-PAA superabsorbent resin during soil and water conservation.