城市常见落叶的纤维素高效降解菌种分离

Separation of efficient cellulose degrading microorganisms from common fallen leaves in cities

为进一步提高绿化废弃物的再利用,选择中国北方城市常见落叶(悬铃木落叶、小叶女贞落叶)为主要实验材料,以污水厂剩余污泥、土壤、猪粪、鸡粪等为菌剂,采用摇瓶发酵法研究不同菌剂对落叶的微生物降解效果。结果表明:以难降解成分纤维素为主要指标,单组份菌剂中鸡粪的生物降解效果最佳,纤维素降解率可达31.6%;双组份菌剂中鸡粪和土壤组合的降解效果最佳,纤维素降解率可达31.0%;以15 d的降解物为菌源,对纤维素高效降解菌种进行筛选和分离,通过分子生物学方法鉴定主要优势微生物为橘青霉菌属(penicillium citrinum),可作为高效堆肥的纤维素降解菌。

In order to further improve the reuse of greenery wasters,the common fallen leaves of northern cities(Platanus and Ligustrum quihoui)in China were used as the main testing materials.The degrading effecTSof several microbial inoculanTSon fallen leaves were studied through shake flask fermentation experiment,such as the residual sludge from wastewater treatment plant,soil,pig manure and chicken manure.The test resulTSshow that the chicken manure exhibited the best biodegradation effect on the cellulose degraded rate 31.6%in above microbial inoculants.The biodegradation effect of chicken manure and soil combination was the best in the two-component microbial inoculants,and the cellulose degraded rate could reach 31.0%.The efficient cellulose degrading microorganisms were separated when the product with the chicken manure and the fallen leaves were degraded for 15 days as the source of the strain.The identification result of molecular biological means manifested that the efficient degradation microorganism of cellulose is penicillium citrinum.It has the feasibility and value of cellulose degrading for the efficient composting strain.