白居易、刘禹锡“春深”唱和诗中的江南与长安

Jiangnan and Chang'an in the Antiphon Poetry Dark Spring Created by Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi

元稹、白居易、刘禹锡“春深”诗唱和,每人20首,元诗遗佚。大和二年刘白唱和只有时间“春深”之限而无地域南北之限,此前二人都有江南生活经历,刘禹锡在少年时居住江南,但白居易诗中有江南描写,刘禹锡无一首咏及江南。白刘“春深”唱和诗仍以长安咏唱为主,四十首唱和诗中的长安风俗人物展现,内容丰富,人物类型众多,合起来就是一部“长安春深风物录”。“戎装拜春设,左握宝刀斜”礼俗、“青衣传毡褥,锦绣一条斜”婚俗等考订,亦可补史载、史解之阙。白刘二人对江南书写或缺席,反映诗人对江南认知和江南体验的差异。

Each of the Chinese ancient literati,Yuan Zhen,Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi,wrote 20 responsory poems,but Yuan Zhen s poems were lost.In 828 A.D.,there was only the"Dark Spring"time limit and no geographical limit in Liu s and Bai s responsory poetry.Previously,both of them had life experience in Jiangnan.Liu Yuxi lived in Jiangnan when he was a boy.However,there was a description of Jiangnan in Bai Juyi s poem,while Liu Yuxi did not have a poem that praises Jiangnan.Bai and Liu s spring responsorial poem mainly sings about Chang an.Forty responsorial poems are rich in content,showing the numerous types of customs,figures in Chang an.What they add up to is a scenery record of Chang an Dark Spring.The textual research of etiquette and marriage custom can also occupy the vacancy left by history,including the military outfit was set in the worship of spring rites and the sword was held on the left,or the blanket was spread in black,and the brocade was slanted.Bai wrote about Jiangnan and Liu didn t refer to Jiangnan,which reflects the difference of the poets cognition and experience of Jiangnan.