3.0 T MRI对高原与平原地区健康正常人心脏结构及功能的对比研究

A comparative study of 3.0 tesla cardiac magnetic resonance imaging on cardiac structure and function of healthy normal people in plateau and plain areas

目的通过心脏磁共振成像(cardiac magnetic resonance imaging,CMRI)比较高原与平原地区健康正常人在心脏结构及功能方面的差异。材料与方法对50名高原健康正常人和50名平原地区健康正常人进行CMRI检查,测量心脏结构指标:前室间隔厚度(anterior wall thickness of interventricular septum,AWOIVS)、左房内径(left atrial diameter,LAD)、左室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic diameter,LVEDD)、主动脉根部内径(aortic diameter,AOD)、主肺动脉内径(main pulmonary artery diameter,MPAD)、右房横径(right atrial transverse diameter,RATD)、右房长径(right atrium long diameter,RALD)、右室横径(right ventricular transaction diameter,RVTD)、右室长径(right ventricular long diameter,RVLD),另通过心脏专用后处理工作站测量左心功能指标:左室舒张末期容积(left ventricular end diastolic volume,LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(left ventricular end systolic volume,LVESV)及左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)。采用独立样本t检验对比分析两组间各指标的差异。结果在心脏结构方面,高原组AWOIVS和MPAD指标显著大于平原组(P<0.05),高原组LVEDD指标显著小于平原组(P<0.05);在左心功能方面,高原组LVEDV指标显著小于平原组(P<0.05),高原组LVEF指标大于平原组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论相对于平原地区健康人,高原地区健康正常人在心脏结构及功能方面已有改变,前室间隔厚度增加,主肺动脉内径增宽,左心室容积缩小,高原地区健康正常人具有强大的心脏储备能力和摄氧能力。

Objective:To compare the differences in cardiac structure and function between healthy and normal people in the plateau and plain areas by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(CMRI).Materials and Methods:One hundred normal healthy people underwent CMRI(n=50 each from plateau and plains areas).Cardiac structural parameters,such as anterior wall thickness of interventricular septum(AWOIVS),left atrial diameter(LAD),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD),aortic diameter(AOD),main pulmonary artery diameter(MPAD),right atrial transverse diameter(RATD),right atrium long diameter(RALD),right ventricular transaction diameter(RVTD)and right ventricular long diameter(RVLD),and left ventricular functional parameters were measured.Independent-sample t-test was used to compare and analyse the differences in parameters between the two groups.Results:In the cardiac structure,the AWOIVS and MPAD in the plateau group were significantly larger than those in the plain group(P<0.05),and the LVEDD in the plateau group was significantly smaller than the plain group.(P<0.05).In the left heart function,the LVEDV in the plateau group was significantly smaller than that in the plain group(P<0.05).The LVEF in the plateau group was larger than that in the plain group,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:Compared with healthy people in plain area,healthy normal people in plateau area have some changes in heart structure and function,with increased thickness of anterior ventricular septum,wider inner diameter of main pulmonary artery,and reduced left ventricular volume.Healthy normal people in plateau area have strong heart reserve capacity and oxygen uptake capacity.