不同饲料对大口黑鲈肠道组织结构的影响

Influence of Different Diets on Intestinal Histological Morphologic Structure of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides

将初始体质量1.2~1.3 g的大口黑鲈饲养在池塘中,分别投喂冰鲜鱼(冰鲜组)和配合饲料(饲料组)8个月,达到商品规格时取其肠道制作切片,研究摄食不同饲料对大口黑鲈肠道组织形态结构的影响。试验结果显示,饲料组大口黑鲈的前肠和后肠的黏膜厚度、绒毛高度均低于冰鲜组,前肠和后肠黏膜厚度分别下降了13.71%(P<0.05)、22.73%(P<0.05),绒毛高度分别降低了22.49%(P<0.05)、20.51%(P<0.05);中肠黏膜厚度、绒毛高度则显著高于冰鲜组,分别增加了19.07%(P<0.05)、10.72%(P<0.05)。饲料组的前肠、中肠和后肠的肌层厚度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值均显著低于冰鲜组,肌层厚度分别降低了47.40%(P<0.05)、7.40%(P>0.05)、22.66%(P<0.05),绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值分别减少了42.7%(P<0.05)、8.7%(P<0.05)、56.5%(P<0.05)。饲料组前肠、中肠和后肠的隐窝深度均显著高于冰鲜组,分别上升了20.49%(P<0.05)、19.36%(P<0.05)、39.98%(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,大口黑鲈饲喂人工配合饲料,与饲喂冰鲜鱼相比,其肠道消化吸收功能降低,整体黏膜厚度、绒毛高度呈下降趋势,而隐窝深度越深,绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值则越低。本试验所投喂的配合饲料有损大口黑鲈的肠道健康。

Largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides with an initial body weight of 1.2—1.3 g was reared in a pond,and fed chilled fish(chilled fish group)and formulated diet feed(feed group)for 8 months until to remarkeable fish when their intestines were taken and investigated histologically to evaluate the influence of different feed on intestinal morphologic structure of largemouth bass.There were lower mucosal thickness and villus height(V)in foregut and hindgut of largemouth bass in feed group than those in chilled fish group,reduction in relatively mucosal thickness by 13.71%(P<0.05)in foregut and by 22.73%in hindgut(P<0.05),decrease by 22.49%in villus height(P<0.05),and by 20.51%in hindgut(P<0.05).The largemouth bass in feed group had higher villus height,increased by 19.07%(P<0.05),in midgut than the fish in chilled fish group(10.72%)did(P<0.05).There were lower mucosa thickness and villus height/crypt depth(V/C ratio)in the largemouth bass in feed group than those in chilled fish group,decrease by 47.40%(P<0.05)in foregut,7.40%in midgut(P>0.05),and 22.66%in hindgut(P<0.05),decrease in V/C ratio by 42.7%in foregut(P<0.05),8.7%in midgut(P<0.05),and 56.5%in hindgut(P<0.05).The largemouth bass in feed group had higher crypt depth(C)than the fish in chilled fish group did,increase by 20.49%(P<0.05)in foregut,19.36%in midgut(P<0.05),and 39.98%in hindgut(P<0.05).The intestinal absorption and absorption function were shown to be decreased in villus height and V/C ratio,and to be deepened in crypt depth in largemouth bass in feed group,indicating that the health of the intestines of the largemouth bass in feed group was damaged.