应用膳食平衡指数评价世居高原纳西族居民的膳食质量

Evaluation on dietary quality of the Naxi residents based on diet balance index

[目的]应用膳食平衡指数(DBI-07)评价世居高原纳西族居民的膳食质量,探讨膳食模式与营养相关疾病的关系,为今后少数民族膳食干预提供依据。[方法]随机选取丽江地区10个村的纳西族居民473例,收集人群基本情况和食物摄入数据,使用DBI-07以正端分(HBS)、负端分(LBS)和膳食质量距(DQD)等指数对纳西族居民膳食质量和膳食模式进行分析评价。[结果]不同性别和不同体力劳动等级人群HBS、LBS和总分(TS)差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05),谷类、蔬菜和肉禽类能够达到或超过推荐摄入量的人群分别占76.1%、71.1%和92.8%,水果、奶类、豆类和鱼虾类有26.3%、2.1%、28.9%和3.0%的人群能够达到推荐摄入量。纳西族居民膳食质量主要存在中高度摄入过量、低度摄入不足和中度膳食不均衡状态,膳食模式集中在D、G模式,均存在着摄入过量问题。[结论] DBI-07能够客观评价纳西族居民的膳食模式和质量,可以参照中国居民膳食指南和膳食宝塔进行饮食指导,提高居民营养意识,有效防治营养相关疾病的发生。

Objective Chinese Diet Balance Index(DBI-07)was used to evaluate diet quality of Naxi residents whom live in the plateau through the ages,explore the relationship between dietary patterns and nutrition-related diseases,so as to provide a basis for future dietary intervention of ethnic minorities.Methods 473 Naxi residents were selected from ten villages by the random cluster sampling method.Basic information of the crowds and dietary data were collected.Dietary quality and pattern of Naxi residents were analyzed and evaluated by indexes of Diet Balance Index(DBI-07,HBS),LBS and DQD.Results There was statistically significant differences in total score of HBS,LBS and TS between male and female,and among difference physical labor intensity people(P<0.05).76.1%,71.1%and 92.8%Naxi residents could reached or exceed the recommended intake of cereals,vegetables and meat.Only 26.3%,2.1%,28.9 and 3.0%people could reached the recommended intake of fruit,milk,soybean,fish and prawn.The diet quality of Naxi residents had high and moderate intake of excessive(HBS),low deficiency of intake(LBS)and moderate unbalanced dietary intake(DQD).The dietary patterns were center on the G and D pattern.Conclusions DBI-07 can objectively evaluate the dietary pattern and quality of Naxi residents,dietary guidance can be given by referring to Chinese dietary guidelines and dietary pagodas,so as to improve the nutrition awareness of residents and effectively prevent and treat the occurrence of nutrition-related diseases.