基于遥感的赛罕乌拉森林斑块特征与动态分析

Characteristics and Dynamic Analysis of Forest Patches in Saihanwula Based on Remote Sensing

为掌握近年来赛罕乌拉森林破碎变化情况,利用遥感(remote sensing,RS)和地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)的技术手段,分析赛罕乌拉10年间森林斑块在高程、坡度、坡向三方面的时空分布情况。得出如下结论:(1)赛罕乌拉森林总面积和森林斑块数量面积受病虫害以及所处位置干扰的影响,在不同地形条件下均有减少,其中森林斑块减少尤为突出;(2)赛罕乌拉森林斑块多分布在阳坡,面积的大幅度变化也主要体现在阳坡,其中大斑块在任何坡向下均减少;(3)坡度与森林斑块呈负相关状态,随着坡度的增加,森林斑块减少,中小型斑块的变化都与上一等级的斑块变动有关;(4)森林斑块近一半分布在4、5级高程上,并随着高程呈现出先增加后减少的特征,其中中小型斑块在5级高程上下表现出了不同的特点。

In order to grasp the changes of saihanwula forest fragmentation in recent years,by means of remote sensing(RS)and geographic information system(GIS),all factors as the spatial and temporal distribution of forest patches in elevation,slope and slope direction in Saihanwula,Inner Mongolia were analyzed.The following conclusions are got from the research.The total area of Saihanwula forest and the area of forest patches are affected by diseases,insect pests and location interference.They are reduced under different topographic conditions,especially in forest patches.The patches of Saihanwula forest are mostly distributed in the sunny slope.The large change of area is mainly in the sunny slope,the large patches of which are reduced in any slope direction downward.The slope has a negative correlation with the forest patches.With the increase of slope,the forest patches decrease.The changes of small and medium-sized patches are all related to the changes of patches in the previous level.Nearly half of the forest patches are distributed on the 4 th and 5 th elevations,and they increase first and then decrease with the elevation.The small and medium-sized patches show di-fferent characteristics above and below the 5 th elevations.