扶贫“接点治理”对农户脱贫主体性的逻辑形塑--基于豫南Y镇的案例分析

Logical Shaping of Poverty-Stricken Peasant Households’Subjectivity in Poverty Alleviation Through“Joint Governance”——Investigation and Analysis Based on Y Town in South Henan

扶贫事业成败的关键在于农民自身脱贫积极性及脱贫能力的提升,重塑贫困农户脱贫主体性的关键在于,介于宏观扶贫制度与微观农户个体之间的中观农村扶贫场域中的“接点治理”。扶贫接点治理主体与贫困农户形成纵向方面的主客政—社对立关系以及扶贫接点治理主体之间形成的横向方面的消极非合作博弈关系都会影响农户脱贫主体性的关系格局。扶贫接点治理方式分别会在接点信息传递、接点资源分配和接点民主评议三个环节造成农户脱贫主体性和接点治贫的双重失效。重塑农村扶贫“接点治理”理论的关键在于坚持治理主体—治理机制的接点组织和接点行动建构两分法。扩展“接点治理”理论的接点主体构成范围并优化接点治理机制工具的选择;构建与农户形成直接治理关系的柔性接点治理方式,同时调试接点主体之间的互动形式并实现接点治理理论与实践的转型。

The key to the success or failure of poverty alleviation is the improvement of poor peasant households’own en-thusiasm for poverty alleviation and the improvement of poverty alleviation ability.The key to reshaping the subjectivity of poor peasant households in poverty alleviation lies in the“joint governance”mechanism in the grassroots rural poverty alle-viation field,which lies between the macro poverty alleviation system and the micro farmers’individual.The main subjects of poverty alleviation joint governance,the vertical subject-object opposition relationship formed by the poor peasant house-holds,and the horizontal non-cooperative game relationship formed among the main subjects of joint governance,will affect the subjectivity of poverty alleviation relationship pattern of the poor peasant households.The model of poverty alleviation joint governance influences poor peasant households’poverty alleviation subjectivity and causes poverty alleviation failure in three aspects:the information delivery mechanisms,resource allocation mechanisms and democratic evaluation mecha-nisms.To reshape the main body of peasant households in poverty alleviation in the rural field,it is not only necessary to build a flexible joint governance method that forms a direct governance relationship with peasant households,but also to de-bug the interactive form between the main body of the joint governance and realize the transformation of the theory and the practice of joint governance.