新疆冬小麦品种资源籽粒品质性状分析

Analysis of Grain Quality Characters of Winter Wheat Variety Resources in Xinjiang

为了解新疆冬小麦品种资源的籽粒品质状况,以2017年、2018年2 a收获的133个新疆冬小麦地方品种和50个育成品种为试验材料,对其品质进行全面分析。结果表明,不同年度、不同类型的新疆冬小麦品种的籽粒品质有差异。183个新疆冬小麦品种的籽粒硬度平均为65.27%;蛋白质含量较高,平均为15.85%;湿面筋含量平均为35.28%;体积质量平均为809.12 g/L,85%以上的品种体积质量等级达到一级水平;沉降值平均为37.94 mL;淀粉含量平均为70.62%。新疆冬小麦育成品种的籽粒营养品质和加工品质均高于地方品种,且大部分品种属于中强筋品种,与新疆居民喜爱拉面、馕等高筋面食有关;2017-2018年2 a籽粒品质性状相关性分析表明,湿面筋含量、蛋白质含量、沉降值均与淀粉含量呈极显著负相关;体积质量与淀粉含量呈极显著正相关;蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量与沉降值呈极显著正相关。

In order to understand the grain quality of winter wheat,133 winter wheat landraces and 50 cultivars from Xinjiang were evaluated in a two-year experiment.The results showed that the grain quality of Xinjiang winter wheat was different in different years and types.The hardness of 183 Xinjiang winter wheat varieties was 65.27%;the protein content was 15.85%;the wet gluten content was 35.28%;the grain volume mass was 809.12 g/L and 85%of the accessions reached the first level;the sedimentation value was 37.94 mL;the starch content value was 70.62%.The nutrition and processing quality of Xinjiang winter wheat cultivars were higher than that of landraces,which was related to the eating habits of Xinjiang residents.The correlation analysis showed that the wet gluten content,protein content,precipitation value and starch content had extremely significant negative correlation;the grain volume mass and starch content had extremely significant positive correlation;the protein content,wet gluten content and precipitation value had extremely significant positive correlation.The results will provide references for breeding of high-quality winter wheat varieties in Xinjiang.