白头鹤在向海保护区内迁徙规律与栖息地的选择研究

Study on Migration Law and Habitat Selection of Grus monacha in Xianghai Reserve

通过对2018年白头鹤(Grus monacha)种群的监测,分析该物种在向海保护区境内的迁徙规律与栖息地、觅食地选择情况。结果表明:春季白头鹤在3月中旬—4月下旬在向海保护区停歇,主要生境具备草甸、农田、水域生态特征,利于休息、觅食、夜宿;秋季停歇期相对较长,以草甸及农田作为觅食地,秋季觅食以农田为主;白头鹤主要分布在海力营子、韩家烧附近鹤类核心区及实验区的四六七军马场、白山泡西北附近区域。白头鹤栖息地主要存在的问题是干旱导致的湿地退化。

Based on the population monitoring of the Grus monacha in 2018,the migration pattern,migration law and Selection of habitat and foraging site in Xianghai reserve were analyzed.The results show that Grus monacha Inhabits in Mid-March-Late April in Xianghai reserve.The main habitat has the ecological characteristics of meadow,farmland and water,which is conducive to rest,foraging and sleeping at night.The rest period is relatively long in autumn,and meadows and farmland are used as foraging grounds,while farmland is the main foraging ground in autumn.Grus monacha are mainly distributed in the core area of cranes near Hailiyingzi and Hanjiashao,and the area near the 467-army horse farm and the northwest area of Baishanpao in the experimental area.The main problem of the Grus monacha’s habitat is wetland degradation caused by drought.