创新还是模仿:产业集群环境下的青年创业决策

Innovation or Imitation: Youth Entrepreneurship Decision-making in Industrial Cluster Enviornment

产业集群作为特殊的创业环境,对于提升青年创业者的创业成功率和成长潜力具有重要意义。基于北京市海淀区产业集群环境下5位青年创业者的典型案例,利用叙事研究揭示了影响产业集群环境下的青年创业者选择创业模式的主要因素,并构建了青年创业模式决策的路径模型。研究结果表明:创业模式是创业者特质与产业集群环境共同作用的结果。受创业者的风险偏好、先前经验以及产业集群环境的产业成熟度、行业竞争强度和知识溢出难易程度的影响,青年创业者会识别出具有不同创新程度的创业机会,并借助效果逻辑和因果逻辑的创业决策,最终在创新型创业和模仿型创业中作出取舍。因此,政府可以结合产业集群环境的特点从加强集群企业间知识交流、保障创新型企业合法权益以及促进产业集群升级等方面为青年创业者提供政策保障。

As a special entrepreneurial environment,industrial clusters are of great significance for improving the entrepreneurial success rate and growth potential of young entrepreneurs.Based on the typical cases of five young entrepreneurs in the industrial cluster environment in Haidian District,Beijing,narrative research is used to reveal the main factors that influence young entrepreneurs in the industrial cluster environment to choose entrepreneurial models,and a path model for the decision-making of youth entrepreneurship models is constructed.The research results show that the entrepreneurial model is the result of the combination of entrepreneurial characteristics and the industrial cluster environment.Affected by the entrepreneur’s risk appetite,previous experience,industrial maturity of the industrial cluster environment,the intensity of industry competition,and the difficulty of knowledge spillovers,young entrepreneurs will identify entrepreneurial opportunities with different levels of innovation and use the logic of effect and causality logical entrepreneurial decisions to ultimately make a trade-off between innovative entrepreneurship and imitative entrepreneurship.Therefore,the government can combine the characteristics of the industrial cluster environment to provide policy guarantees for young entrepreneurs in terms of strengthening knowledge exchanges among cluster enterprises,ensuring the legal rights of innovative enterprises,and promoting the upgrading of industrial clusters.