贫困对农村居民自评健康的影响及机制分析——来自中国家庭金融调查的证据

Impact of Poverty on the Health Status of Rural Residents and Its Mechanisms:Evidence from China Household Finance Survey

健康扶贫是降低返贫风险和巩固脱贫成果的重要战略,也是有效推进乡村振兴和乡村建设行动的重要举措。本文使用2017年中国家庭金融调查数据,实证考察了家庭贫困对农村居民自评健康的影响。研究发现:(1)家庭贫困显著损害了农村居民的自评健康;(2)食品消费不足和幸福感缺失是贫困损害农村居民健康的作用机制;(3)针对贫困户的特困补助、教育补助和退耕还林补助等转移支付可以显著削弱贫困对自评健康的负面影响;(4)相比于年轻人口,贫困对农村地区缺乏风险抵御能力的老年群体会产生更强的健康损害效应。本研究不仅为贫困损害居民自评健康提供了经验证据,而且为政府通过健康扶贫来巩固脱贫成果和振兴乡村提供了政策参考。

Health poverty alleviation is an important strategy to reduce the risk of returning to poverty and consolidate the results of poverty reduction,as well as a method to push the project of rural revitalization and rural construction.This article uses the 2017 China Household Finance Survey data to empirically examine the impact of poverty on the self-rated health of rural residents.The research findings are as follows:(1)Poverty can damage the self-rated health of rural residents;(2)Insufficient food consumption and lack of happiness are the mechanisms that poverty damages the health of rural residents;(3)Transfer payments to extremely poor households can significantly weaken the negative effect of poverty on the rural s physical health;(4)Poverty will have greater health damage effects on the elderly groups that lack risk resistance in rural areas than the younger groups.This study not only provides empirical evidence that poverty damages self-rated health,but also provides a policy reference for the government to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and the rural revitalization through health poverty alleviation.