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拉瓦尔喷管气动特性虚拟仿真实验 被引量:2

Simulation Experiment of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Laval Nozzle
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摘要 拉瓦尔喷管气动特性是一维可压缩气动理论教学的重点和难点。为实现气流参数在喷管内部变化规律的可视化教学,开发了拉瓦尔喷管气动特性虚拟仿真实验项目。设计了一款出口马赫数为2.2拉瓦尔喷管,在验证数值仿真方法合理性、设计目标符合预期的基础上,对超声速喷管内部的气流参数沿流向发展规律和波涡干涉现象进行了研究。结果表明,虚拟仿真实验能够展示不同背压条件下的气体流动过程,与经典一维气动理论一致;并进一步揭示激波诱导边界层分离现象、声速线与正激波形成过程的内在机理。教学实践方面,开发了教学验证型与科研创新型两种应用模式,激发了学生的学习兴趣,为学生进行创新性实验提供了支撑,有效地促进了专业建设与教学改革。 Aerodynamic characteristics of Laval nozzle are the important and difficult problem in teaching one-dimensional compressible aerodynamic theory.In order to realize the visual teaching of the variation law of airflow parameters inside the nozzle,a virtual simulation experiment of aerodynamic characteristics of Laval nozzle was developed.A Laval nozzle with an exit Mach number of 2.2 was designed.Based on the verification of the rationality of the numerical simulation method and the compliance of the design objectives with expectations,the wave-vortex interference phenomenon inside the supersonic nozzle and the change law of the airflow parameters along the flow direction development were studied.The results show that the virtual simulation experiment is able to demonstrate the airflow process under different back pressure conditions,which is consistent with the classical one-dimensional aerodynamic theory.It is also able to reveal the phenomenon of shock wave-induced boundary layer separation,and the intrinsic mechanism of the formation process of sonic line and normal shock wave.In terms of teaching practice,two application modes of teaching verification and research innovation have been developed,they greatly stimulate students’learning interest,provide support for students to conduct innovative experiments,and effectively promote teaching reform and the construction of specialty.
作者 刘智刚 杨晓军 彭捷 LIU Zhigang;YANG Xiaojun;PENG Jie(College of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;School of Mechanics,Civil Engineering and Architecture,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)
出处 《实验室研究与探索》 CAS 北大核心 2021年第7期106-110,共5页 Research and Exploration In Laboratory
基金 国家自然科学基金委员会与中国民用航空局联合基金(U1633113) 中国民航大学实验技术创新基金项目(2020CXJJ76)。
关键词 拉瓦尔喷管 超声速喷管 气动特性 虚拟仿真实验 实验教学 Laval nozzle supersonic nozzle aerodynamic characteristics virtual experiment experimental teaching
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