锁脚锚杆在软弱地层隧道中围岩变形控制的研究

A Study on the Control of Surrounding Rock Deformation of the Locking Anchor in the Tunnel in the Weak Stratum

在软弱围岩地层中开挖隧道时,由于围岩性质较差,系统锚杆的作用无法发挥,导致使用系统锚杆的初期支护无法维持隧道的稳定性。在实际施工中,常采用锁脚锚杆代替系统锚杆进行初期支护。为研究采用锁脚锚杆的初期支护对隧道稳定性的影响,以某软弱围岩隧道为研究背景,利用数值模拟软件,分析采用系统锚杆和锁脚锚杆的初期支护对软弱围岩隧道稳定性的影响。结果表明,在软弱围岩隧道中,利用锁脚锚杆代替系统锚杆进行初期支护,能够有效地控制围岩变形,有利于维护隧道的稳定性,同时能够降低施工成本、加快施工速度。使用锁脚锚杆的初期支护对保证软弱地层隧道的稳定性具有重要意义。

When excavating tunnels in weak surrounding rock formations,the surrounding rock properties are poor,and the role of the system bolt cannot be exerted.As a result,the initial support using system bolts cannot maintain the stability of the tunnel.In actual construction,lock-foot anchor rods are often used instead of system anchor rods for initial support.This paper takes a soft surrounding rock tunnel as the research background and uses numerical simulation software to study the influence of the initial support of the lock-foot anchor on the stability of the tunnel.The influence of the initial support using system bolts and lock-foot bolts on the stability of weak surrounding rock tunnels is specifically analyzed.The results show that in weak surrounding rock tunnels,the use of lock-foot bolts instead of system bolts for initial support can effectively control the surrounding rock deformation and help maintain the stability of the tunnel.At the same time,it can reduce construction costs and speed up construction.The use of lock-foot anchor rods for initial support is of great significance to ensure the stability of tunnels in weak formations.