摘要
The first Water Cherenkov detector of the LHAASO experiment(WCDA-1)has been operating since April 2019.The data for the first year have been analyzed to test its performance by observing the Crab Nebula as a standard candle.The WCDA-1 achieves a sensitivity of 65 mCU per year,with a statistical threshold of 5 cr.To accomplish this,a 97.7%cosmic-ray background rejection rate around 1 TeV and 99.8%around 6 TeV with an ap proximate photon acceptance of 50%is achieved after applying an algorithm to separate gamma-induced showers.The angular resolution is measured using the Crab Nebula as a point source to be approximately 0.45°at 1 TeV and better than 0.2°above 6 TeV,with a pointing accuracy better than 0.05°.These values all match the design specifications.The energy resolution is found to be 33%for gamma rays around 6 TeV.The spectral energy distribution of the Crab Nebula in the range from 500 GeV to 15.8 TeV is measured and found to be in agreement with the results from other TeV gamma ray observatories.
作者
F.Aharonian
Q.An
Axikegu
L.X.Bai
Y.X.Bai
Y.W.Bao
D.Bastieri
X.J.Bi
Y.J.Bi
H.Cai
J.T.Cai
Z.Cao
Z.Cao
J.Chang
J.F.Chang
X.C.Chang
B.M.Chen
J.Chen
L.Chen
L.Chen
L.Chen
M.J.Chen
M.L.Chen
Q.H.Chen
S.H.Chen
S.Z.Chen
T.L.Chen
X.L.Chen
Y.Chen
N.Cheng
Y.D.Cheng
S.W.Cui
X.H.Cui
Y.D.Cui
B.Z.Dai
H.L.Dai
Z.G.Dai
Danzengluobu
D.della Volpe
B.D'Ettorre Piazzoli
X.J.Dong
J.H.Fan
Y.Z.Fan
Z.X.Fan
J.Fang
K.Fang
C.F.Feng
L.Feng
S.H.Feng
Y.L.Feng
B.Gao
C.D.Gao
Q.Gao
W.Gao
M.M.Ge
L.S.Geng
G.H.Gong
Q.B.Gou
M.H.Gu
J.G.Guo
X.L.Guo
Y.Q.Guo
Y.Y.Guo
Y.A.Han
H.H.He
H.N.He
J.C.He
S.L.He
X.B.He
Y.He
M.Heller
Y.K.Hor
C.Hou
X.Hou
H.B.Hu
S.Hu
S.C.Hu
X.J.Hu
D.H.Huang
Q.L.Huang
W.H.Huang
X.T.Huang
Z.C.Huang
F.Ji
X.L.Ji
H.Y.Jia
K.Jiang
Z.J.Jiang
C.Jin
D.Kuleshov
K.Levochkin
B.B.Li
C.Li
C.Li
F.Li
H.B.Li
H.C.Li
H.Y.Li
J.Li
K.Li
W.L.Li
X.Li
X.Li
X.R.Li
Y.Li
Y.Z.Li
Z.Li
Z.Li
E.W.Liang
Y.F.Liang
S.J.Lin
B.Liu
C.Liu
D.Liu
H.Liu
H.D.Liu
J.Liu
J.L.Liu
J.S.Liu
J.Y.Liu
M.Y.Liu
R.Y.Liu
S.M.Liu
W.Liu
Y.N.Liu
Z.X.Liu
W.J.Long
R.Lu
H.K.Lv
B.Q.Ma
L.L.Ma
X.H.Ma
J.R.Mao
A.Masood
W.Mitthumsiri
T.Montaruli
Y.C.Nan
B.Y.Pang
P.Pattarakijwanich
Z.Y.Pei
M.Y.Qi
B.Q.Qiao
D.Ruffolo
V.Rulev
A.Saiz
L.Shao
O.Shchegolev
X.D.Sheng
J.R.Shi
H.C.Song
Yu.V.Stenkin
V.Stepanov
Q.N.Sun
X.N.Sun
Z.B.Sun
P.H.T.Tam
Z.B.Tang
W.W.Tian
B.D.Wang
C.Wang
H.Wang
H.G.Wang
J.C.Wang
J.S.Wang
L.P.Wang
L.Y.Wang
R.N.Wang
W.Wang
W.Wang
X.G.Wang
X.J.Wang
X.Y.Wang
Y.D.Wang
Y.J.Wang
Y.P.Wang
Z.Wang
Z.Wang
Z.H.Wang
Z.X.Wang
D.M.Wei
J.J.Wei
Y.J.Wei
T.Wen
C.Y.Wu
H.R.Wu
S.Wu
W.X.Wu
X.F.Wu
S.Q.Xi
J.Xia
J.J.Xia
G.M.Xiang
G.Xiao
H.B.Xiao
G.G.Xin
Y.L.Xin
Y.Xing
D.L.Xu
R.X.Xu
L.Xue
D.H.Yan
C.W.Yang
F.F.Yang
J.Y.Yang
L.L.Yang
M.J.Yang
R.Z.Yang
S.B.Yang
Y.H.Yao
Z.G.Yao
Y.M.Ye
L.Q.Yin
N.Yin
X.H.You
Z.Y.You
Y.H.Yu
Q.Yuan
H.D.Zeng
T.X.Zeng
W.Zeng
Z.K.Zeng
M.Zha
X.X.Zhai
B.B.Zhang
H.M.Zhang
H.Y.Zhang
J.L.Zhang
J.W.Zhang
L.Zhang
L.Zhang
L.X.Zhang
P.F.Zhang
P.P.Zhang
R.Zhang
S.R.Zhang
S.S.Zhang
X.Zhang
X.P.Zhang
Y.Zhang
Y.Zhang
Y.F.Zhang
Y.L.Zhang
B.Zhao
J.Zhao
L.Zhao
L.Z.Zhao
S.P.Zhao
F.Zheng
Y.Zheng
B.Zhou
H.Zhou
J.N.Zhou
P.Zhou
R.Zhou
X.X.Zhou
C.G.Zhu
F.R.Zhu
H.Zhu
K.J.Zhu
X.Zuo
F.Aharonian;Q.An;阿西克古;白立新;白云翔;包逸炜;D.Bastieri;毕效军;毕玉江;蔡浩;蔡金庭;曹臻;曹喆;常进;常劲帆;常潇川;陈宝民;陈建;陈良;陈亮;陈龙;陈明君;陈玛丽;陈起辉;陈素弘;陈松战;陈天禄;陈秀林;陈阳;程宁;程辉东;崔树旺;崔晓红;崔昱东;戴本忠;代洪亮;戴子高;单增罗布;D.della Volpe;B.D'Ettorre Piazzoli;董湘军;樊军辉;范一中;范志香;方军;方堃;冯存峰;封莉;冯少辉;冯有亮;高博;高川东;高启;高卫;葛茂茂;耿利斯;龚光华;苟全补;顾旻皓;郭俊广;郭晓磊;郭义庆;郭莹莹;韩毅昂;何会海;贺昊宁;何坚承;何思乐;何新波;何钰;M.Heller;贺远强;侯超;侯贤;胡红波;胡森;胡世聪;呼晓军;黄代绘;黄秋兰;黄文昊;黄性涛;黄志成;纪方;季筱璐;贾焕玉;江琨;姜泽军;靳超;D.Kuleshov;K.Levochkin;李兵兵;李骢;李澄;李飞;李海波;李会财;李华阳;李捷;李凯;李文龙;李昕;李新;李秀荣;李尧;李一卓;李哲;徐卓;梁恩维;梁云峰;林苏杰;刘冰;刘成;刘栋;刘虎;刘海东;刘佳;刘江来;刘佳松;刘金艳;刘茂元;柳若愚;刘四明;刘伟;刘以农;刘彰兴;龙文杰;鲁睿;吕洪魁;马伯强;马玲玲;马欣华;毛基荣;A.Masood;W.Mitthumsiri;T.Montamli;南云程;庞彬宇;P.Pattarakijwanich;裴致远;齐孟尧;B.Q.Qiao;D.Ruffolo;V.Rulev;A.Saiz;邵琅;O.Shchegolev;盛祥东;石京燕;宋慧超;Yu.V.Stenkin;V.Stepanov;孙秦宁;孙晓娜;孙志斌;谭柏轩;唐泽波;田文武;王博东;王超;王辉;王洪光;王建成;王界双;王利苹;王玲玉;王润娜;王为;王伟;王祥高;王晓洁;王祥玉;王玉东;王岩谨;王亚平;王铮;王振;王忠海;王仲翔;韦大明;魏俊杰;魏永健;文韬;吴超勇;吴含荣;武莎;吴文雄;吴雪峰;席邵强;夏捷;夏君集;项光漫;肖刚;肖胡兵;辛广广;辛玉良;邢祎;徐东莲;徐仁新;薛良;闫大海;杨朝文;杨冯帆;杨佳盈;杨莉莉;杨明洁;杨睿智;杨深邦;姚玉华;姚志国;叶一锰;尹丽巧;尹娜;游晓浩;游智勇;于艳红;袁强;曾厚敦;曾婷轩;曾玮;曾宗康;查敏;翟徐徐;张彬彬;张海明;张恒英;张建立;张进文;张力;张路;张丽霞;张鹏飞;张佩佩;张瑞;张少如;张寿山;张潇;张笑鹏;张毅;张盈;张云峰;张月雷;赵兵;赵静;赵雷;赵立志;赵世平;郑福;郑应;周斌;周浩;周佳能;周平;周荣;周勋秀;祝成光;祝凤荣;朱辉;朱科军;左雄(Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center,Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center,Chengdu,Sichuan,China;State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Center for Astrophysics,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Physics and Astronomy&School of Physics(Guangzhou),Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;School of Physical Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;School of Physics and Microelectronics,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Astronomy and Space Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy,Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210023,China;Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology,Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China;Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;College of Physics,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University),Ministry of Education,Lhasa 850000,China;School of Physics and Technology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Physics and Astronomy,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China;Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650216,China;Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies,31 Fitzwilliam Place,2 Dublin,Ireland;Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics,P.O.Box 103980,Heidelberg 69029,Germany;Dipartimento di Fisica del'Universita di Napoli“FedericoⅡ”,Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo,via Cinthia,Napoli 80126,Italy;Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow 117312,Russia;Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology,Moscow 141700,Russia;Departement de Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire,Faculte de Sciences,Universite de Geneve,24 Quai Ernest Ansermet,Geneva 1211,Switzerland;Department of Physics,Faculty of Science,Mahidol University,Bangkok 10400,Thailand)
基金
Supported by the following grants:the National Key R&D program of China(2018YFA0404201,2018YFA0404202,2018YFA0404203)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12022502,11905227,U1931112,11635011,11761141001,Y811A35,11675187,U1831208,U1931111)
in Thailand by RTA6280002 from Thailand Science Research and Innovation。