上海市闵行区社区老年人认知功能自我评估及影响因素分析

Self-assessment and influencing factors of the cognitive function of the elderly in the community of Minhang district,Shanghai city

目的调查上海市闵行区社区老年人认知障碍现况及影响因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2019年7-8月在上海市闵行区莘庄镇,选择60岁以上居民作为调查对象,使用AD8量表,结合基线调查,初步筛查认知障碍患者,并进行统计学分析。结果共调查2528例老年人,其中认知功能受损291例,筛出率为11.51%;单因素分析显示不同年龄、文化程度等15项因素的老年人认知障碍筛出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);非条件Logistic回归显示,低年龄、无糖尿病、无高脂血症是可能导致认知功能障碍的保护因素;低文化水平、缺乏锻炼(散步、锻炼和相对重一点的家务活动)是可能导致认知障碍的危险因素。结论社区老年人认知功能筛查十分必要,是慢病管理中不可缺失的部分。

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of the cognitive impairment of the elderly in the community of Minhang district,Shanghai city.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select survey subjects among the residents aged 60 and over in Xinzhuang town of Minhang district of Shanghai city from July to August 2019.Using AD8 scale,combined with baseline survey,the patients with cognitive impairment were screened and statistically analyzed.Results A total of 2528 elderly people were investigated,including 291 ones with cognitive impairment,and the screening rate was 11.51%.Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the screening rate of cognitive impairment among the elderly with different age,education level and other 15 factors(P<0.05).Unconditional logistic regression showed that low age,no diabetes,no hyperlipidemia were the protective factors that might lead to cognitive impairment,and low educational level and lack of exercise(walking,exercise and relatively heavy housework)were risk factors that may lead to cognitive impairment.Conclusion It is necessary to screen the cognitive function of the elderly in community,which is an indispensable part of chronic disease management.