垂直轴风力机气动性能及控制策略

AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE AND CONTROL STRATEGY OF VERTICAL AXIS TURBINE

针对垂直轴风力机的气动性能及其控制问题,以计算流体力学为基础,对H型垂直轴风力机分别进行二维和三维模拟,并利用实验数据对模型结果进行验证,发现二维模拟时k-εRealizable模型表现更好,三维模拟时则k-ωSST模型更佳。同时,对旋转过程的流场特征进行分析。此外,利用试验验证变量泵-定量马达型液压传动方案的可行性,并以Fluent模拟所获取的风力机特性曲线作为建模参考,采用AMEsim建立变量泵-变量马达液压传动仿真系统,分别通过变量泵、变量马达、蓄能器三环节控制实现了最大功率追踪、极端风况下的限速运行以及变风速下的恒转速输出,相比原有系统更具高效性和可靠性。

Based on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD),two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulations of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT)are carried out to address the aerodynamic performance and control problems of the VAWT. The simulation results are verified by experimental data,which shows that k-ε Realizable model performs better in two-dimensional simulation,and k-ωSST model performs better in three-dimensional simulation. The flow field rule of the VAWT is also analyzed. In addition,the feasibility of a variable pump-quantitative motor hydraulic transmission scheme is verified by experiments. After that,using the wind turbine characteristic curve obtained from the FLUENT simulation as a modelling reference,a variable pump-variable motor hydraulic transmission simulation system is established by AMEsim,which achieves maximum power tracking,the limit speed operation under extreme wind conditions,and the constant speed output under variable wind speed through the control of variable displacement pump,variable displacement motor and accumulator respectively. The results prove that the improved scheme is more efficient and reliable than the original system.