水体生态浮岛修复技术研究进展

Research Progress of Water Ecological Floating Island Restoration Technology

人类的过度开发利用破坏了自然生态平衡,社会生产力快速发展与水环境有限承载力出现冲突,导致水体污染问题愈加突出。世界各国政府积极推行一系列水生态修复措施来解决水生态环境问题。原位生态修复技术因具有无须转移水体、运行维护成本低、能提高水体自净能力、不易造成二次污染等优点而成为当前的研究热点。生态浮岛修复技术是原位水生态修复技术的一种,主要通过植物根系及其周围所聚集的微生物来吸收和转化水体中过剩的氮、磷等营养成分及污染物。在综述了水生态浮岛修复技术的研究现状的基础上,着重介绍了其分类构成、植物选用、功能强化及对未来的发展前景等,以期为水体生态浮岛修复技术的发展、完善与创新提供参考。

The over exploitation and utilization of human beings destroy the natural ecological balance, and the rapid development of social productivity conflicts with the limited carrying capacity of water environment, which leads to the increasingly prominent problem of water pollution. Governments of all countries actively implement a series of water ecological restoration measures to solve water ecological environment problems. In-situ ecological restoration technology has become a research hotspot because it has the advantages of no need to transfer water, low operation and maintenance cost, improving the self purification capacity of water, and not easy to cause secondary pollution. Ecological floating island restoration technology is a kind of in-situ water ecological restoration technology, which mainly absorbs and transforms the excess nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients and pollutants in water through plant roots and the microorganisms gathered around them.